diff --git a/PA01-0906/EncryptionUtility.c b/PA01-0906/EncryptionUtility.c
index 34811a2..74ff263 100644
--- a/PA01-0906/EncryptionUtility.c
+++ b/PA01-0906/EncryptionUtility.c
@@ -117,6 +117,9 @@ Dependencies: as needed, File_Output_Utility tools
 */
 void downloadData( const char *fileName, const SquareArrayType data )
 {
+  // open file.
+  // write file.
+  // close file.
   // no return.
 }
 
@@ -135,6 +138,41 @@ Dependencies: as needed, including findStringLength, findSquareRoot,
 */
 SquareArrayType *encryptData( const char *toEncrypt )
 {
+  // get length of string (store in variable)
+  int stringLen = findStringLength(toEncrypt);
+  // create the array (get the square root, add one, then call the function to make a square array.)
+  int stringLenRoot = findSquareRoot(stringLen) + 1;
+  SquareArrayType *encryptedData = createArrayType(stringLenRoot);
+  // iterate through the array (backwards?) [Past Charles, see diagram that you made of Square Array]
+  int oneDimensionIndex;
+  int twoDimensionIndex;
+  int currentCharacter = 0;
+  int flagEndString = 0;
+  for(oneDimensionIndex = stringLenRoot; oneDimensionIndex >= 0; oneDimensionIndex--)
+  {
+    // one dimension to move through array
+    for(twoDimensionIndex = stringLenRoot; twoDimensionIndex >= 0; twoDimensionIndex--)
+    {
+      // second dimension to move through array
+      if(toEncrypt[currentCharacter] == NULL_CHAR)
+      {
+        // if the null character is there, replace with the Unprintable, set flag to one.
+        encryptedData[oneDimensionIndex][twoDimensionIndex] = UNPRINTABLE_CHAR_VALUE;
+        flagEndString = 1;
+      }
+      else
+      {
+        // otherwise, continue putting the data into the 2d array.
+        encryptedData[oneDimensionIndex][twoDimensionIndex] = toEncrypt[currentCharacter];
+      }
+      if(flagEndString == 1)
+      {
+        // check the flag, if it is set, then start putting random data into rest of the array.
+        encryptedData[oneDimensionIndex][twoDimensionIndex] = getRandomLetterValue();
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  // once null character is reached, put the 'unprintable character' then random data afterward.
   // returns a Square Array.
   return NULL;
 }
@@ -152,8 +190,47 @@ Dependencies: as needed (library utilities may not be used)
 */
 double findSquareRoot( int value )
 {
-  // returns a double.
-  return 0.0;
+  // declare, define variables as needed
+      
+    // set lower value to zero, upper value to the original value
+    double lowerValue = 0, upperValue = value;
+    
+    // set middle value between the lower and upper values
+    double middleValue = ( lowerValue + upperValue ) / 2.0;
+    
+    // calculate the initial temporary value
+    double tempResult = middleValue * middleValue;
+
+  // loop while absolute difference between test value and original value
+  // is greater than the specified precision
+    // function: abs, from stdlib.h
+  while( abs( tempResult - value ) > SQRT_PRECISION )
+    {
+      // test for the temporary result to be greater than the original value
+      if( tempResult > value )
+        {
+          // set the upper value to the middle value
+          upperValue = middleValue;
+        }
+      
+      // otherwise, assume the temporary result is less than the original value
+      else
+        {
+          // set the lower value to the middle value
+          lowerValue = middleValue; 
+        }
+      // end test
+
+      // recalculate middle value 
+      middleValue = ( lowerValue + upperValue ) / 2.0;
+                
+      // recalculate the temporary result
+      tempResult = middleValue * middleValue;
+    }
+  // end loop
+
+  // return middle value       
+  return middleValue;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -168,8 +245,15 @@ Dependencies: as needed (library utilities may not be used)
 */
 int findStringLength( const char *str )
 {
-  // returns an integer.
-  return 0;
+  // needs to iterate through the 'string' checking if the character is NULL.
+  // if character not null, add one to count.
+  int index = 0;
+  while(str[index] != NULL_CHAR)
+  {
+    index = index + 1;
+  }
+  // returns an integer count of the number of characters.
+  return index;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -185,8 +269,13 @@ Dependencies: as needed, including rand
 */
 int getRandomLetterValue()
 {
+  int currentRand = 0;
+  // generate random number between 1 and 52
+  currentRand = rand() % (NUM_ALPHABET_LETTERS + 1) + 1;
+  // then get the integer that character corresponds to and return it.
+  int letterInt = (int)ALPHABET[currentRand];
   // returns an integer.
-  return 0;
+  return letterInt;
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/PA01-0906/PA01_Main b/PA01-0906/PA01_Main
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..b130d3b
Binary files /dev/null and b/PA01-0906/PA01_Main differ
diff --git a/PA01-0906/PA01_Main.c b/PA01-0906/PA01_Main.c
index 2af7465..eb937f3 100644
--- a/PA01-0906/PA01_Main.c
+++ b/PA01-0906/PA01_Main.c
@@ -12,6 +12,20 @@
 // program
 int main( int argc, char *args[] )
    {
+      srand( time( NULL ) ); //temp
+      int charNum;
+      char* string = "MyStringLengthThing";
+      charNum = findStringLength(string);
+      printf("String Length: %d\n", charNum);
+      int squaredPerfect = 100;
+      int sqRT = findSquareRoot(squaredPerfect);
+      printf("%d's Square Root: %d\n", squaredPerfect, sqRT);
+      int randOne, randTwo, randThree;
+      randOne = getRandomLetterValue();
+      randTwo = getRandomLetterValue();
+      randThree = getRandomLetterValue(); 
+      printf("Char Test: %d/%c, %d/%c, %d/%c", randOne, (char)randOne, randTwo, (char)randTwo, randThree, (char)randThree);
+    /*
     char toEncrypt[ HUGE_STR_LEN ], decryptedStr[ HUGE_STR_LEN ];
     char fileName[ STD_STR_LEN ], stringFromFile[ HUGE_STR_LEN ];
     SquareArrayType *encryptedInput, *uploadedInput;
@@ -51,11 +65,12 @@ int main( int argc, char *args[] )
     decryptData( stringFromFile, uploadedInput );
 
     printf( "\nUploaded string: %s\n", stringFromFile );
+    */
 
     // end program
 
        // clear arrays
-       encryptedInput = clearArrayType( encryptedInput );
+    //   encryptedInput = clearArrayType( encryptedInput );
 
        // display end of program
        printf( "\nProgram End\n" );