Initialized STUB Functions, Refined Make

++ PA02 STUB functions/StateUtilities.c
-- Makefile_Win (No longer required since refined for Windows/UNIX)

PA01-0906/EncryptionUtility.c

@@ -84,6 +84,47 @@ Dependencies: as needed
 */
 void decryptData( char *decryptStr, SquareArrayType *data )
 {
+  // opposite the encrypt data.
+  // extract the size data from the array
+  int arraySizeData = data->sideSize;
+  // iterate through the array
+  int oneDimensionIndex;
+  int twoDimensionIndex;
+  int differenceIndex;
+  int currentCharacter = 0;
+  int stringComplete = 0;
+  for(oneDimensionIndex = arraySizeData * 2; oneDimensionIndex >= 0; 
+                                                            oneDimensionIndex--)
+  {
+    // does one dimensional indices
+    for(twoDimensionIndex = oneDimensionIndex; twoDimensionIndex >= 0; 
+                                                            twoDimensionIndex--)
+    {
+      // does two dimensional indices
+      differenceIndex = oneDimensionIndex - twoDimensionIndex;
+      if(differenceIndex < arraySizeData && twoDimensionIndex < arraySizeData)
+      {
+        // second dimension to move through array
+        if(stringComplete == 0)
+        {
+          if(data->array[twoDimensionIndex][differenceIndex] == 
+                                                         UNPRINTABLE_CHAR_VALUE)
+        {
+          // check for the unprintable character
+          decryptStr[currentCharacter] = NULL_CHAR;
+          stringComplete = 1;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+          // put the character into the string.
+          decryptStr[currentCharacter] = 
+                                data->array[twoDimensionIndex][differenceIndex];
+          currentCharacter = currentCharacter + 1;
+        }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
   // no return.
 }
 
@@ -101,6 +142,40 @@ Notes: Does not handle empty square data type condition
 */
 void displayArray( const SquareArrayType data, ControlCode ctrlCode )
 {
+  int arraySize = data.sideSize;
+  int oneDimensionIndex = 0, twoDimensionIndex = 0;
+  // check the control code, branch to the respective path.
+  // iterate through the array, one character at a time.
+  // get the side size from the array, 
+                        // iterate that number of times, then output a new line.
+  if(ctrlCode == DISPLAY_CHARS)
+  {
+    for(oneDimensionIndex = 0; oneDimensionIndex < arraySize; 
+                                                            oneDimensionIndex++)
+    {
+      for(twoDimensionIndex = 0; twoDimensionIndex < arraySize; 
+                                                            twoDimensionIndex++)
+      {
+        printCharacter((char)data.array[oneDimensionIndex][twoDimensionIndex]);
+        printCharacter(SPACE);
+      }
+      printEndline();
+    }
+  }
+  else
+  {
+    for(oneDimensionIndex = 0; oneDimensionIndex < arraySize; 
+                                                            oneDimensionIndex++)
+    {
+      for(twoDimensionIndex = 0; twoDimensionIndex < arraySize; 
+                                                            twoDimensionIndex++)
+      {
+        printInteger((int)data.array[oneDimensionIndex][twoDimensionIndex]);
+        printCharacter(SPACE);
+      }
+      printEndline();
+    }
+  }
   // no return.
 }
 /*
@@ -117,6 +192,59 @@ Dependencies: as needed, File_Output_Utility tools
 */
 void downloadData( const char *fileName, const SquareArrayType data )
 {
+  bool fileOpenCheck;
+  int oneDimensionIndex, twoDimensionIndex;
+  int currentData;
+  int checkDigits, tempDigits;
+  // open file.
+  fileOpenCheck = openOutputFile(fileName);
+  // write file.
+  if(fileOpenCheck)
+  {
+    // write the size of the array as the first character.
+    writeIntegerToFile(data.sideSize);
+    // write a new line
+    writeEndlineToFile();
+    // iterate through array outputting each integer.
+    for(oneDimensionIndex = 0; oneDimensionIndex < data.sideSize; 
+                                                            oneDimensionIndex++)
+    {
+      //
+      for(twoDimensionIndex = 0; twoDimensionIndex < data.sideSize; 
+                                                            twoDimensionIndex++)
+      {
+        //
+        currentData = data.array[oneDimensionIndex][twoDimensionIndex];
+        // check to see if the integer is two digits, if it is, add a 0 before.
+        checkDigits = 1;
+        tempDigits = currentData;
+        while(tempDigits > 9)
+        {
+          tempDigits = tempDigits / 10;
+          checkDigits = checkDigits + 1;
+        }
+        if(checkDigits == 2)
+        {
+          writeCharacterToFile(ZERO_CHAR);
+          writeIntegerToFile(currentData);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+          writeIntegerToFile(currentData);
+        }
+        writeCharacterToFile(SPACE);
+      }
+      writeEndlineToFile();
+    }
+  }
+  else
+  {
+    // if the file doesn't open, notify the user.
+    printf("\nThe file either doesn't exist,"
+                               "or you do not have permission to access it.\n");
+  }
+  // close file.
+  closeOutputFile();
   // no return.
 }
 
@@ -135,8 +263,59 @@ Dependencies: as needed, including findStringLength, findSquareRoot,
 */
 SquareArrayType *encryptData( const char *toEncrypt )
 {
+  // get length of string (store in variable)
+  int stringLen = findStringLength(toEncrypt);
+  // create the array (get the square root, add one, 
+  // then call the function to make a square array.)
+  int stringLenRoot = findSquareRoot(stringLen) + 1;
+  SquareArrayType *encryptedData = createArrayType(stringLenRoot);
+  // iterate through the array (backwards, diagonally)
+  int oneDimensionIndex;
+  int twoDimensionIndex;
+  int differenceIndex;
+  int currentCharacter = 0;
+  for(oneDimensionIndex = stringLenRoot * 2; oneDimensionIndex >= 0; 
+                                                            oneDimensionIndex--)
+  {
+    // does one dimensional indices
+    for(twoDimensionIndex = oneDimensionIndex; twoDimensionIndex >= 0; 
+                                                            twoDimensionIndex--)
+    {
+      // does two dimensional indices
+      differenceIndex = oneDimensionIndex - twoDimensionIndex;
+      if(differenceIndex < stringLenRoot && twoDimensionIndex < stringLenRoot)
+      {
+        // second dimension to move through array
+        if(currentCharacter >= stringLen)
+        {
+          if(currentCharacter == stringLen)
+          {
+            // if the null character is there, 
+               // replace with the Unprintable, set flag to one.
+            encryptedData->array[twoDimensionIndex][differenceIndex] = 
+                                                         UNPRINTABLE_CHAR_VALUE;
+          }
+          else
+          {
+            // if not the null, put random data into array
+            encryptedData->array[twoDimensionIndex][differenceIndex] = 
+                                                         getRandomLetterValue();
+          }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+          // otherwise, continue putting the data into the 2d array.
+          encryptedData->array[twoDimensionIndex][differenceIndex] = 
+                                                    toEncrypt[currentCharacter];
+        }
+        currentCharacter = currentCharacter + 1;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  // once null character is reached, put the 'unprintable character' 
+                                                  // then random data afterward.
   // returns a Square Array.
-  return NULL;
+  return encryptedData;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -152,8 +331,47 @@ Dependencies: as needed (library utilities may not be used)
 */
 double findSquareRoot( int value )
 {
-  // returns a double.
-  return 0.0;
+  // declare, define variables as needed
+      
+    // set lower value to zero, upper value to the original value
+    double lowerValue = 0, upperValue = value;
+    
+    // set middle value between the lower and upper values
+    double middleValue = ( lowerValue + upperValue ) / 2.0;
+    
+    // calculate the initial temporary value
+    double tempResult = middleValue * middleValue;
+
+  // loop while absolute difference between test value and original value
+  // is greater than the specified precision
+    // function: abs, from stdlib.h
+  while( abs( tempResult - value ) > SQRT_PRECISION )
+    {
+      // test for the temporary result to be greater than the original value
+      if( tempResult > value )
+        {
+          // set the upper value to the middle value
+          upperValue = middleValue;
+        }
+      
+      // otherwise, assume the temporary result is less than the original value
+      else
+        {
+          // set the lower value to the middle value
+          lowerValue = middleValue; 
+        }
+      // end test
+
+      // recalculate middle value 
+      middleValue = ( lowerValue + upperValue ) / 2.0;
+                
+      // recalculate the temporary result
+      tempResult = middleValue * middleValue;
+    }
+  // end loop
+
+  // return middle value       
+  return middleValue;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -168,8 +386,15 @@ Dependencies: as needed (library utilities may not be used)
 */
 int findStringLength( const char *str )
 {
-  // returns an integer.
-  return 0;
+  // needs to iterate through the 'string' checking if the character is NULL.
+  // if character not null, add one to count.
+  int index = 0;
+  while(str[index] != NULL_CHAR)
+  {
+    index = index + 1;
+  }
+  // returns an integer count of the number of characters.
+  return index;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -185,8 +410,13 @@ Dependencies: as needed, including rand
 */
 int getRandomLetterValue()
 {
+  int currentRand = 0;
+  // generate random number between 1 and 52
+  currentRand = rand() % (NUM_ALPHABET_LETTERS + 1) + 1;
+  // then get the integer that character corresponds to and return it.
+  int letterInt = (int)ALPHABET[currentRand];
   // returns an integer.
-  return 0;
+  return letterInt;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -202,6 +432,40 @@ Dependencies: as needed, File_Input_Utility tools
 */
 SquareArrayType *uploadData( const char *fileName )
 {
+  bool fileOpenCheck;
+  int arraySizeFile;
+  int oneDimensionIndex, twoDimensionIndex;
+  SquareArrayType *readArray;
+  // open file.
+  fileOpenCheck = openInputFile(fileName);
+  // read file.
+  if(fileOpenCheck)
+  {
+    // read the size of the array as the first character.
+    arraySizeFile = readIntegerFromFile();
+    // create the square array
+    readArray = createArrayType(arraySizeFile);
+    // read integer, iterate through array inputting each integer.
+    for(oneDimensionIndex = 0; oneDimensionIndex < arraySizeFile; 
+                                                            oneDimensionIndex++)
+    {
+      for(twoDimensionIndex = 0; twoDimensionIndex < arraySizeFile; 
+                                                            twoDimensionIndex++)
+      {
+        // input data into array from file
+        readArray->array[oneDimensionIndex][twoDimensionIndex] = 
+                                                          readIntegerFromFile();
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  else
+  {
+    // if the file doesn't open, notify the user.
+    printf("The file either doesn't exist,"
+                               "or you do not have permission to access it.\n");
+  }
+  // close file.
+  closeInputFile();
   // returns a Square Array.
-  return NULL;
+  return readArray;
 }

PA01-0906/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+CC = gcc -Wall
+SOURCES = PA01_Main.c EncryptionUtility.c Console_IO_Utility.c File_Input_Utility.c File_Output_Utility.c
+OBJECTS = PA01_Main.o EncryptionUtility.o Console_IO_Utility.o File_Input_Utility.o File_Output_Utility.o
+
+all: PA01_Main
+
+PA01_Main: $(OBJECTS)
+	$(CC) $(OBJECTS) -o PA01_Main
+
+PA01_Main.o: PA01_Main.c
+	$(CC) -c PA01_Main.c -o PA01_Main.o
+
+EncryptionUtility.o: EncryptionUtility.c
+	$(CC) -c EncryptionUtility.c -o EncryptionUtility.o
+
+Console_IO_Utility.o: Console_IO_Utility.c
+	$(CC) -c Console_IO_Utility.c -o Console_IO_Utility.o
+
+File_Input_Utility.o: File_Input_Utility.c
+	$(CC) -c File_Input_Utility.c -o File_Input_Utility.o
+
+File_Output_Utility.o: File_Output_Utility.c
+	$(CC) -c File_Output_Utility.c -o File_Output_Utility.o
+
+clean:
+	rm -f $(OBJECTS) PA01_Main PA01_Main.out
+
+clean_objects:
+	rm -f $(OBJECTS)
+
+run:
+	./PA01_Main

PA01-0906/Makefile_Win

@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@ CC = gcc -Wall
 SOURCES = PA01_Main.c EncryptionUtility.c Console_IO_Utility.c File_Input_Utility.c File_Output_Utility.c
 OBJECTS = PA01_Main.o EncryptionUtility.o Console_IO_Utility.o File_Input_Utility.o File_Output_Utility.o
 
-all: PA01_Main.out
+all: PA01_Main
 
 PA01_Main: $(OBJECTS)
-	$(CC) $(OBJECTS) -o PA01_Main
+	$(CC) $(OBJECTS) -o PA01_Main.exe
 
 PA01_Main.o: PA01_Main.c
 	$(CC) -c PA01_Main.c -o PA01_Main.o

PA01-0906/PA01_Main.c

@@ -12,6 +12,19 @@
 // program
 int main( int argc, char *args[] )
    {
+      // int charNum;
+      // char* string = "MyStringLengthThing";
+      // charNum = findStringLength(string);
+      // printf("String Length: %d\n", charNum);
+      // int squaredPerfect = 100;
+      // int sqRT = findSquareRoot(squaredPerfect);
+      // printf("%d's Square Root: %d\n", squaredPerfect, sqRT);
+      // int randOne, randTwo, randThree;
+      // randOne = getRandomLetterValue();
+      // randTwo = getRandomLetterValue();
+      // randThree = getRandomLetterValue(); 
+      // printf("Char Test: %d/%c, %d/%c, %d/%c\n\n", randOne, (char)randOne, randTwo, (char)randTwo, randThree, (char)randThree);
+    
     char toEncrypt[ HUGE_STR_LEN ], decryptedStr[ HUGE_STR_LEN ];
     char fileName[ STD_STR_LEN ], stringFromFile[ HUGE_STR_LEN ];
     SquareArrayType *encryptedInput, *uploadedInput;
@@ -55,7 +68,7 @@ int main( int argc, char *args[] )
     // end program
 
        // clear arrays
-       encryptedInput = clearArrayType( encryptedInput );
+      encryptedInput = clearArrayType( encryptedInput );
 
        // display end of program
        printf( "\nProgram End\n" );

PA02-0913/Console_IO_Utility.c

@@ -0,0 +1,590 @@
+// Header files included
+#include "Console_IO_Utility.h"
+
+// Function Implementations
+
+/*
+Name: clearLeadingCharacters
+Process: Clears all leading non-printable characters from the console stream
+Function input/parameters: allow space return (Boolean)
+Function output/parameters: none
+Function output/returned: first printable character as integer
+Device input/keyboard: none
+Device output/monitor: none
+Dependencies: getchar
+*/
+int clearLeadingCharacters( bool allowSpaceReturn )
+   {
+    // initialize data, set input character to getChar, set count to zero
+       // function: getchar
+    int intChar = getchar();
+    int charCount = 0;
+
+    // loop while non-printable characters and space if not set
+    // also limits looping to constant limit
+    while( ( intChar < (int)SPACE
+                     || ( !allowSpaceReturn && intChar == SPACE ) )
+                                                     && charCount < MAX_STR_LEN )
+       {
+        // update character count
+        charCount++;
+
+        // get new input character
+           // function: getchar
+        intChar = getchar();
+       }
+
+     // return captured character
+     return intChar;
+    }
+
+/*
+
+Name: getChar
+Process: returns next character in stream,
+         ignores all white space (including SPACE)  prior to character
+Function input/parameters: flag to accept space (Boolean)
+Function output/parameters: none
+Function output/returned: one character (char) is returned to calling method
+Device input/keyboard: places one or more characters in stream
+Device output/monitor: none
+Dependencies: getCharFiltered
+*/
+char getChar()
+   {
+    // initialize variables, set space accept flag to false
+    bool dontAcceptSpace = false;
+
+    // call filtered function with space accept flag
+       // function: getCharFiltered
+    return getCharFiltered( dontAcceptSpace );
+   }
+
+/*
+Name: getCharFiltered
+Process: returns next character in stream,
+         ignores non printable characters prior to input character
+         but may accept space depending on flag
+Function input/parameters: flag to accept space (boolean)
+Function output/parameters: none
+Function output/returned: first printable character or space (if configured)
+                          returned (char)
+Device input/keyboard: places one or more characters in stream
+Device output/monitor: none
+Dependencies: getchar(), clearLeadingCharacters
+*/
+char getCharFiltered( bool acceptSpace )
+   {
+    //Initialize variables
+    int inCharInt;
+
+    // clear leading characters, capture first usable character
+       // function: clearLeadingCharacters
+    inCharInt = clearLeadingCharacters( acceptSpace );
+
+    // check for input character set to end of file
+    if( inCharInt == EOF )
+       {
+        // return character zero
+        return '0';
+       }
+
+    // return input character as character
+    return (char)inCharInt;
+   }
+
+/*
+Name: getInputString
+Process: acquires input string from keyboard, if clear white space flag set,
+         ignores all white space, including space character
+Function input/parameters: clear white space control (Boolean)
+Function output/parameters: character array (char[])
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input/keyboard: user entry of a character stream
+Device output/monitor: none
+Dependencies: getchar(), clearLeadingCharacters
+*/
+void getInputString( char inputArr[], bool clearWhiteSpace )
+   {
+    //Initialize Variables, set character count and index to zero
+    int charCount = 0;
+    int index = 0;
+    int intChar;
+
+    // check for clear white space flag
+    if( clearWhiteSpace )
+       {
+        // clear leading characters, set flag to ignore space
+           // function: clearLeadingCharacters
+        intChar = clearLeadingCharacters( !clearWhiteSpace );
+       }
+
+    // otherwise, assume white space flag not set
+    else
+       {
+        // get first character
+           // function: getchar
+        intChar = getChar();
+       }
+
+    // loop until enter key found, limit loop to constant
+    while( intChar != (int)NEWLINE_CHAR && charCount < MAX_STR_LEN )
+       {
+        // set current value to array element
+        inputArr[ index ] = (char)intChar;
+
+        // increment string array index
+        index++;
+
+        // add null character to end of string array
+        inputArr[ index ] = NULL_CHAR;
+
+        // increment character count
+        charCount++;
+
+        // get next character
+           // function: getchar
+        intChar = getchar();
+      }
+   }
+
+/*
+Name: printCharacter
+Process: prints a single character
+Function input/parameters: character to be printed (char)
+Function output/parameters: None
+Function output/returned: None
+Device input/keyboard: None
+Device output/monitor: character printed as specified
+Dependencies: printCharacters
+*/
+void printCharacter( char outputChar )
+   {
+    // initialize number of characters to one
+    int numberOfChars = 1;
+
+    // print one character
+       // function: printChars
+    printCharacters( numberOfChars, outputChar );
+   }
+
+/*
+Name: printCharacters
+Process: prints given number of characters
+Function input/parameters: number of characters (int),
+                           character to be printed (char)
+Function output/parameters: None
+Function output/returned: None
+Device input/keyboard: None
+Device output/monitor: Number of specified characters printed
+Dependencies: printf
+*/
+void printCharacters( int numChars, char outputChar )
+   {
+    // check for reminaing characters to print
+    if( numChars > 0 )
+       {
+        // print one character
+           // function: printf
+        printf( "%c", outputChar );
+
+        // (recursive) print remaining characters
+           // function: printChars
+        printCharacters( numChars - 1, outputChar );
+       }
+   }
+
+/*
+Name: printDouble
+Process: simple print double function
+Function input/parameters:
+        outVal - the double value to be output (double)
+        precision - the number of digits to the right of the decimal point (int)
+Function output/parameters: none
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input: none
+Device output/monitor: one double value displayed
+Dependencies: printDoubleJustified
+*/
+void printDouble( double outVal, int precision )
+   {
+    // initialize variables, set block size to zero and justified to "LEFT"
+    int blockSize = 0;
+    char justified[] = "LEFT";
+
+    // call justified function with specified parameters
+       // function: printDoubleJustified
+    printDoubleJustified( outVal, precision, blockSize, justified );
+   }
+
+/*
+Name: printDoubleJustified
+Process: the precision is set for the double value, then the pre-spaces
+         and post-spaces are calculated for the requested justification,
+         and then the pre-spaces are printed, the double value is printed,
+         and then the post-spaces are printed
+Function input/parameters:
+ 		  outVal - the double value to be output (double)
+      blockSize - the width of the block within which
+                  to print the integer value (int)
+      justify - "LEFT," "RIGHT," or "CENTER" justification in block (c-string)
+Function output/parameters: none
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input: none
+Device output/monitor: one double value displayed, justified, with precision
+Dependencies: formatDouble, printStringJustified
+*/
+void printDoubleJustified( double outVal, int precision,
+                                            int blockSize, const char* justify )
+   {
+    // initialize variables, create temp string for configuration string
+    char specStr[ MIN_STR_LEN ];
+
+    // initialize variables, create temporary output string
+    char outStr[ MIN_STR_LEN ];
+
+    // set configuration string with precision value
+       // function: sprintf
+    sprintf( specStr, "%s0.%dlf", "%", precision );
+
+    // set output string
+       // function: sprintf
+    sprintf( outStr, specStr, outVal );
+
+    // print string justified
+       // function: printStringJustified
+    printStringJustified( outStr, blockSize, justify );
+   }
+
+/*
+Name: printEndline
+Process: prints single endline character to end a line or create vertical space
+Function input/parameters: none
+Function output/parameters: none
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input: none
+Device output/monitor: one endline character output
+Dependencies: printf
+*/
+void printEndline()
+   {
+    // print one newline character
+       // function: printf
+    printf( "\n" );
+   }
+
+/*
+Name: printEndlines
+Process: prints the specified number of endline characters
+         to end a line and/or create vertical space(s)
+Function input/parameters: number of endlines (int)
+Function output/parameters: none
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input: none
+Device output/monitor: endline characters output as specified
+Dependencies: printEndline
+*/
+void printEndlines( int numEndlines )
+   {
+    // check for number of end lines remaining
+    if( numEndlines > 0 )
+       {
+        // print one endling
+           // function: printEndline
+        printEndline();
+
+        // (recursive) print remaining end lines
+        printEndlines( numEndlines - 1 );
+       }
+   }
+
+/*
+ Name: printInteger
+ Process: prints integer value
+Function input/parameters: outVal - the integer value to be output
+ Output: None
+ Device Input: None
+ Device Output: Integer is displayed as specified
+ Dependencies: printIntegerJustified
+ */
+void printInteger( int outVal )
+   {
+    // initialize variables, set block size to zero, justifification to "LEFT"
+    int blockSize = 0;
+    char justified[] = "LEFT";
+
+    // print justified integer with specified parameters
+       // function: printIntegerJustified
+    printIntegerJustified( outVal, blockSize, justified );
+   }
+
+/*
+ Name: printIntegerJustified
+ Process: prints integer value with the specified justification
+          within the specified blockSize
+Function input/parameters:
+ 		  outVal - the integer value to be output
+      blockSize - the width of the block within which
+                  to print the integer value (int)
+      justify - "LEFT," "RIGHT," or "CENTER" justification in block (c-string)
+ Output: None
+ Device Input: None
+ Device Output: Integer is displayed as specified
+ Dependencies: sprintf, printStringJustified
+ */
+void printIntegerJustified( int outVal, int blockSize, const char *justify )
+   {
+    // initialize variables, create temporary output string
+    char outStr[ MIN_STR_LEN ];
+
+    // convert integer to string
+       // function: sprintf
+    sprintf( outStr, "%d", outVal );
+
+    // print justified string
+       // function: printStringJustified
+    printStringJustified( outStr, blockSize, justify );
+   }
+
+/*
+Name: printLongInteger
+Process: prints long integer
+Function input/Parameters: outVal - the long integer value to be output
+Function output/parameters: None
+Function output/returned: None
+Device Input/keyboard: None
+Device Output/Monitor: integer is displayed as specified
+Dependencies: printLongIntJustified
+*/
+void printLongInteger( long outVal )
+   {
+    // initialize variables, set block size to zero, justification to "LEFT"
+    int blockSize = 0;
+    char justified[] = "LEFT";
+
+    // print justified long integer with specified parameters
+       // function: printLongIntegerJustified
+    printLongIntegerJustified( outVal, blockSize, justified );
+   }
+
+/*
+Name: printLongIntegerJustified
+Process: prints long integer with the specified justification
+         within the specified blockSize
+Function input/Parameters:
+ 		  outVal - the long integer value to be output
+      blockSize - the width of the block within which
+                  to print the integer value (int)
+      justify - "LEFT," "RIGHT," or "CENTER" justification in block (c-string)
+Function output/parameters: None
+Function output/returned: None
+Device Input/keyboard: None
+Device Output/Monitor: integer is displayed as specified
+Dependencies: sprintf, printStringJustified
+*/
+void printLongIntegerJustified( long outVal,
+                                            int blockSize, const char *justify )
+   {
+    // initialize variables, create temporary output string
+    char outStr[ MIN_STR_LEN ];
+
+    // convert long integer to string
+       // function: sprintf
+    sprintf( outStr, "%ld", outVal );
+
+    // print justified string
+       // function: printStringJustified
+    printStringJustified( outStr, blockSize, justify );
+   }
+
+/*
+ Name: printString
+ Process: prints string
+Function input/parameters: outVal - the string value to be output
+Function output/parameters: None
+Function output/returned: None
+Function input/keyboard: None
+Device output/monitor: string is displayed as specified
+Dependencies: printStringJustified
+*/
+void printString( const char *outStr )
+   {
+    // initialize variables, set block size to zero, justification to "LEFT"    
+    int blockSize = 0;
+    char justified[] = "LEFT";
+
+    // print justified string with specified parameters
+       // function: printStringJustified
+    printStringJustified( outStr, blockSize, justified );
+   }
+
+/*
+ Name: printStringJustified
+ Process: prints string within specified block size
+          and with specified justification
+Function input/parameters:
+ 		  outVal - the string value to be output
+      blockSize - the width of the block within which
+                  to print the integer value (int)
+      justify - "LEFT," "RIGHT," or "CENTER" justification in block (c-string)
+Function output/parameters: None
+Function output/returned: None
+Function input/keyboard: None
+Device output/monitor: string is displayed as specified
+Dependencies: strlen, strcmp, printCharacters, printf
+*/
+void printStringJustified ( const char *outStr,
+                                            int blockSize, const char *justify )
+   {
+    // initialize variables, set pre-, post- spaces to zero
+    int preSpaces = 0, postSpaces = 0, strLength;
+
+    // find length of string
+       // function: strlen
+    strLength = strlen( outStr );
+
+    // check justification for "LEFT"
+       // function: strcmp
+    if( strcmp( justify, "LEFT" ) == 0 )
+       {
+        // set post spaces for left justification
+        postSpaces = blockSize - strLength;
+       }
+
+    // otherwise, check justification for "RIGHT"
+       // function: strcmp
+    else if( strcmp( justify, "RIGHT" ) == 0 )
+       {
+        // set pre spaces for right justification
+        preSpaces = blockSize - strLength;
+       }
+
+    // Otherwise, assume "CENTER" justification
+    else
+       {
+        // set pre spaces for centered
+        preSpaces = blockSize / 2 - strLength / 2;
+
+        // set post spaces for centered
+        postSpaces = blockSize - strLength - preSpaces;
+       }
+
+    // print pre spaces
+       // function: printChars
+    printCharacters( preSpaces, SPACE );
+
+    // print string
+       // function: printf
+    printf( "%s", outStr );
+
+    // print post spaces
+       // function: printChars
+    printCharacters( postSpaces, SPACE );
+   }
+
+/*
+Name: promptForCharacter
+Process: prompts user for character, then returns it
+Function input/parameters: text to prompt user (c-string)
+Function output/parameters: None
+Function output/returned: one character (chars
+Device input/keyboard: user entry of a character
+Device output/monitor: prompt string displayed
+Dependencies: printf, getChar
+*/
+char promptForCharacter( const char *promptString )
+   {
+    // initialize variables
+    char outChar;
+
+    // print prompt string
+       // function: printf
+    printf( "%s", promptString );
+
+    // get character from stream
+       // function: getChar
+    outChar = (char)getChar();
+
+    // return captured character
+    return outChar;
+   }
+
+/*
+Name: promptForDouble
+Process: prompts user for double, then returns it
+Function input/parameters: test to prompt user (c-string)
+Function output/parameters: None
+Function output/returned: value (double)
+Device input/keyboard: user entry of an integer value
+Device output/monitor: prompt string displayed
+Dependencies: printf, scanf
+ */
+double promptForDouble( const char *promptString )
+   {
+    // initialize variables
+    double outDouble;
+
+    // print prompt string
+       // function: printf
+    printf( "%s", promptString );
+
+    // get double value
+       // function: scanf
+    scanf( "%lf", &outDouble );
+
+    // return captured double
+    return outDouble;
+   }
+
+/*
+Name: promptForInteger
+Process: prompts user for integer, then returns it
+Function input/parameters: text to prompt user (c-string)
+Function output/parameters: none
+Function output/returned: integer value (int)
+Device input/keyboard: user entry of a double value
+Device output/monitor: prompt string displayed
+Dependencies: printf, scanf
+*/
+int promptForInteger( const char *promptString )
+   {
+    // initialize variables
+    int outInt;
+
+    // print prompt string
+       // function: printf
+    printf( "%s", promptString );
+
+    // input integer
+       // function: scanf
+    scanf( "%d", &outInt );
+
+    // return captured integer
+    return outInt;
+   }
+
+/*
+Name: promptForString
+Process: prompts user for string, then returns it
+Function input/parameters: text to prompt user (c-string)
+Function output/parameters: input string from user(c-string)
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input/keyboard: user entry of a string value
+Device output/monitor: prompt string displayed
+Dependencies: printf, getInputString
+*/
+void promptForString( const char *promptString, char returnStr[] )
+   {
+    // initialize variables, don't allow white space capture
+    bool dontClearWhitespace = false;
+
+    // pring prompt string
+       // function: printf
+    printf( "%s", promptString );
+
+    // get input string from user (returned via parameter)
+       // function: getInputString
+    getInputString( returnStr, dontClearWhitespace );
+   }
+
+

PA02-0913/Console_IO_Utility.h

@@ -0,0 +1,289 @@
+// Preprocessor directive
+#ifndef CONSOLE_IO_UTILITY_H
+#define CONSOLE_IO_UTILITY_H
+
+//Header Files
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "StandardConstants.h"
+
+//Global Constants
+
+   // none
+
+//Function Prototypes
+
+/*
+Name: clearLeadingCharacters
+Process: Clears all leading non-printable characters from the console stream
+Function input/parameters: allow space return (bool)
+Function output/parameters: none
+Function output/returned: first printable character as integer
+Device input/keyboard: none
+Device output/monitor: none
+Dependencies: getchar
+*/
+int clearLeadingCharacters( bool allowSpaceReturn );
+
+/*
+Name: getChar
+Process: returns next character in stream,
+         ignores all white space (including SPACE)  prior to character
+Function input/parameters: flag to accept space (bool)
+Function output/parameters: none
+Function output/returned: one character (char) is returned to calling method
+Device input/keyboard: places one or more characters in stream
+Device output/monitor: none
+Dependencies:
+*/
+char getChar();
+
+/*
+Name: getCharFiltered
+Process: returns next character in stream,
+         ignores non printable characters prior to input character
+         but may accept space depending on flag
+Function input/parameters: flag to accept space (bool)
+Function output/parameters: none
+Function output/returned: first printable character or space (if configured)
+                          returned (char)
+Device input/keyboard: places one or more characters in stream
+Device output/monitor: none
+Dependencies: getchar(), clearLeadingCharacters
+*/
+char getCharFiltered( bool acceptSpace );
+
+/*
+Name: getInputString
+Process: acquires input string from keyboard, if clear white space flag set,
+         ignores all white space, including space character
+Function input/parameters: clear white space control (bool)
+Function output/parameters: character array (char[])
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input/keyboard: user entry of a character stream
+Device output/monitor: none
+Dependencies: getchar(), clearLeadingCharacters
+*/
+void getInputString(char inputArr[], bool clearWhiteSpace );
+
+/*
+Name: printCharacter
+Process: prints a single character
+Function input/parameters: character to be printed (char)
+Function output/parameters: None
+Function output/returned: None
+Device input/keyboard: None
+Device output/monitor: character printed as specified
+Dependencies: printCharacters
+*/
+void printCharacter( char outputChar );
+
+/*
+Name: printCharacters
+Process: prints given number of characters
+Function input/parameters: number of characters (int),
+                           character to be printed (char)
+Function output/parameters: None
+Function output/returned: None
+Device input/keyboard: None
+Device output/monitor: Number of specified characters printed
+Dependencies: printf
+*/
+void printCharacters( int numChars, char outputChar );
+
+/*
+Name: printDouble
+Process: simple print double function
+Function input/parameters:
+     outVal - the double value to be output (double)
+     precision - the number of digits to the right of the decimal point (int)
+Function output/parameters: none
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input: none
+Device output/monitor: one double value displayed
+Dependencies: printDoubleJustified
+*/
+void printDouble( double outVal, int precision );
+
+/*
+Name: printDoubleJustified
+Process: the precision is set for the double value, then the pre-spaces
+         and post-spaces are calculated for the requested justification,
+         and then the pre-spaces are printed, the double value is printed,
+         and then the post-spaces are printed
+Function input/parameters:
+    outVal - the double value to be output (double)
+    blockSize - the width of the block within which
+                to print the integer value (int)
+    justify - "LEFT," "RIGHT," or "CENTER" justification in block (c-string)
+Function output/parameters: none
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input: none
+Device output/monitor: one double value displayed, justified, with precision
+Dependencies: formatDouble, printStringJustified
+*/
+void printDoubleJustified( double outVal, int precision,
+                                           int blockSize, const char* justify );
+
+/*
+Name: printEndline
+Process: prints single endline character to end a line or create vertical space
+Function input/parameters: none
+Function output/parameters: none
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input: none
+Device output/monitor: one endline character output
+Dependencies: printEndline
+*/
+void printEndline();
+
+/*
+Name: printEndlines
+Process: prints the specified number of endline characters
+         to end a line and/or create vertical space(s)
+Function input/parameters: number of endlines (int)
+Function output/parameters: none
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input: none
+Device output/monitor: endline characters output as specified
+Dependencies: printEndline
+*/
+void printEndlines( int numEndlines );
+
+/*
+ Name: printInteger
+ Process: prints integer value
+ Function input/parameters: outVal - the integer value to be output
+ Function output/parameters: None
+ Device Input: None
+ Device Output: Integer is displayed as specified
+ Dependencies: printIntegerJustified
+ */
+void printInteger( int outVal );
+
+/*
+ Name: printIntegerJustified
+ Process: prints integer value with the specified justification
+          within the specified blockSize
+ Function input/parameters:
+    outVal - the integer value to be output (int)
+    blockSize - the width of the block within which
+                to print the integer value (int)
+    justify - "LEFT," "RIGHT," or "CENTER" justification in block (c-string)
+ Function output/parameters: none
+ Device Input: None
+ Device Output: Integer is displayed as specified
+ Dependencies: sprintf, printStringJustified
+ */
+void printIntegerJustified( int outVal, int blockSize, const char *justify );
+
+/*
+Name: printLongInteger
+Process: prints long integer
+Function input/Parameters: outVal - the long integer value to be output
+Function output/parameters: None
+Function output/returned: None
+Device Input/keyboard: None
+Device Output/Monitor: integer is displayed as specified
+Dependencies: printLongIntJustified
+*/
+void printLongInteger( long outVal );
+
+/*
+Name: printLongIntegerJustified
+Process: prints long integer with the specified justification
+         within the specified blockSize
+Function Input/Parameters:
+    outVal - the long integer value to be output (long int)
+    blockSize - the width of the block within which
+                to print the integer value (int)
+    justify - "LEFT," "RIGHT," or "CENTER" justification in block (c-string)
+Function output/parameters: None
+Function output/returned: None
+Device Input/keyboard: None
+Device Output/Monitor: integer is displayed as specified
+Dependencies: sprintf, printStringJustified
+*/
+void printLongIntegerJustified( long outVal,
+                                           int blockSize, const char *justify );
+
+/*
+ Name: printString
+ Process: prints string
+Function input/parameters: outVal - the string value to be output
+Function output/parameters: None
+Function output/returned: None
+Function input/keyboard: None
+Device output/monitor: string is displayed as specified
+Dependencies: printStringJustified
+*/
+void printString( const char *outStr );
+
+/*
+ Name: printStringJustified
+ Process: prints string within specified block size
+          and with specified justification
+Function input/parameters:
+      outStr - the string value to be output (c-string)
+      blockSize - the width of the block within which
+                  to print the integer value (int)
+    justify - "LEFT," "RIGHT," or "CENTER" justification in block (c-string)
+Function output/parameters: None
+Function output/returned: None
+Function input/keyboard: None
+Device output/monitor: string is displayed as specified
+Dependencies: strlen, strcmp, printCharacters, printf
+*/
+void printStringJustified( const char *outStr,
+                                           int blockSize, const char *justify );
+
+/*
+Name: promptForCharacter
+Process: prompts user for character, then returns it
+Function input/parameters: text to prompt user (c-string)
+Function output/parameters: None
+Function output/returned: one character (chars
+Device input/keyboard: user entry of a character
+Device output/monitor: prompt string displayed
+Dependencies: printf, getChar
+*/
+char promptForCharacter( const char *promptString );
+
+/*
+Name: promptForDouble
+Process: prompts user for double, then returns it
+Function input/parameters: test to prompt user (c-string)
+Function output/parameters: None
+Function output/returned: value (double)
+Device input/keyboard: user entry of an integer value
+Device output/monitor: prompt string displayed
+Dependencies: printf, scanf
+ */
+double promptForDouble( const char *promptString );
+
+/*
+Name: promptForInteger
+Process: prompts user for integer, then returns it
+Function input/parameters: text to prompt user (c-string)
+Function output/parameters: none
+Function output/returned: integer value (int)
+Device input/keyboard: user entry of a double value
+Device output/monitor: prompt string displayed
+Dependencies: printf, scanf
+*/
+int promptForInteger( const char *promptString );
+
+/*
+Name: promptForString
+Process: prompts user for string, then returns it
+Function input/parameters: text to prompt user (c-string)
+Function output/parameters: input string captured (c-string)
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input/keyboard: user entry of a string value
+Device output/monitor: prompt string displayed
+Dependencies: printf, getInputString
+*/
+void promptForString( const char *promptString, char returnStr[] );
+
+#endif  // end CONSOLE_IO_UTILITY_H

PA02-0913/File_Input_Utility.c

@@ -0,0 +1,717 @@
+/*
+Formatted file input utility, function implementations
+
+Copyright (c) 2021 by Michael E. Leverington
+
+Code is free for use in whole or in part and may be modified for other
+non-commercial use as long as the above copyright statement is included.
+*/
+
+// header files
+#include "File_Input_Utility.h"
+#include <stdlib.h> //////////////////////////test
+
+// local global constants, used only in this file
+
+    // dummy file pointer for accessInputFilePointer
+    const FILE *DUMMY_INPUT_FILE_PTR = NULL;
+
+    // dummy Boolean for accessEndOfInputFileFlag, accessOpenFlag
+    const char DUMMY_INPUT_FLAG = false;
+
+    // control code for accessing file pointer, accessInputFilePointer
+    const int GET_INPUT_FILE_PTR = 3003;
+
+    // control code for accessing flag value, 
+    //   accessEndOfInputFileFlag, accessOpenFlag
+    const int GET_INPUT_FLAG = 2002;
+
+    // control code for setting file pointer, accessInputFilePointer
+    const int SET_INPUT_FILE_PTR = 4004;
+
+    // control code for setting flag value, accessEndOfInputFileFlag, 
+    //   accessOpenFlag
+    const int SET_INPUT_FLAG = 1001;
+
+
+    /*
+    Name: accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+    process: allows accessing or modifying end of file flag state;
+             note: flag is maintained (static) value initialized to false
+    Function input/parameters: control code (int), flag state (bool)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: result of flag state (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: none
+    */
+    bool accessEndOfInputFileFlag( int ctrlCode, bool setFlag )
+       {
+        // initialize end of file flag to false
+        static bool endOfFileFlag = false;
+
+        // test for set flag
+        if( ctrlCode == SET_INPUT_FLAG )
+           {
+            // set flag to given state
+            endOfFileFlag = setFlag;
+           }
+    
+        // return flag state
+        return endOfFileFlag;
+       }
+
+    /*
+    Name: accessInputFilePointer
+    process: allows setting or accessing file pointer;
+             note: pointer is maintained (static) value initialized to NULL
+    Function input/parameters: control code (int), file pointer (FILE *)
+                               DUMMY_INPUT_FILE_PTR used 
+                               if not setting file pointer
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: file pointer (FILE *)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: none
+    */
+    FILE *accessInputFilePointer( int ctrlCode, const FILE *filePtr )
+       {
+        // initialize file pointer to null
+        static FILE *filePointer = NULL;
+
+        // check for set new pointer
+        if( ctrlCode == SET_INPUT_FILE_PTR )
+           {
+            // set file pointer to parameter
+            filePointer = (FILE *)filePtr;
+           }
+ 
+        // return file pointer
+        return filePointer;
+       }
+
+    /*
+    Name: checkForEndOfInputFile
+    process: checks to see if end of file flag has been encountered,
+             returns true if EOF has been encountered, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters: none
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: result of specified test (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+    */
+    bool checkForEndOfInputFile()
+       {
+        // return access to end of file flag
+           // function: accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+        return accessEndOfInputFileFlag( GET_INPUT_FLAG, DUMMY_INPUT_FLAG );
+       }
+
+    /*
+    Name: checkForInputFileOpen
+    process: checks to see if file is currently open
+             returns true if file pointer not null, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters: none
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: result of specified test (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: accessInputFilePointer
+    */
+    bool checkForInputFileOpen()
+       {
+        // return access to end of file flag
+           // function: accessInputFilePointer
+        return accessInputFilePointer( GET_INPUT_FLAG, 
+                                                 DUMMY_INPUT_FILE_PTR ) != NULL;
+       }
+
+    /*
+    Name: clearLeadingWhiteSpace
+    process: captures non printable characters,
+             and space if flag set,
+             returns first non white space value found as integer
+    Function input/parameters: file pointer (FILE *), clear space flag (bool)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: first non WS character as integer
+    Device input/file: value captured from file
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: fgetc
+    */
+    int clearLeadingWhiteSpace( FILE *filePtr, bool clearSpace )
+       {
+        // initialize character input value
+           // function: fgetc
+        int charInt = fgetc( filePtr );
+
+        while( 
+        // continue if not at end of file
+        ( charInt != EOF )
+
+        // AND
+        // continue if character is non printable
+        && ( ( charInt < (int)SPACE || charInt > (int)HIGHEST_PRINTABLE_CHAR )
+
+        // OR
+        // continue if clear space flag set and space is found
+        || ( clearSpace && charInt == SPACE ) )
+             )
+           {
+            // capture next character
+               // function: fgetc
+            charInt = fgetc( filePtr );
+           }
+
+        // return input value as character
+        return (char)charInt;
+       }
+
+    /*
+    Name: closeInputFile
+    process: closes input file, returns true if successful, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters: none
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: none
+    Device input/file: file closed
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: accessInputFilePointer, fclose, accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+    */
+    bool closeInputFile()
+       {
+        // set local file pointer to working file pointer
+           // function: accessInputFilePointer
+        FILE *filePtr = accessInputFilePointer( GET_INPUT_FILE_PTR, 
+                                                         DUMMY_INPUT_FILE_PTR );
+
+        // check for valid file pointer
+        if( filePtr != NULL )
+           {
+            // close file
+            fclose( filePtr );
+
+            // set pointer to NULL
+               // function: accessInputFilePointer
+            accessInputFilePointer( SET_INPUT_FILE_PTR, NULL );
+
+            // set end of file flag to false
+               // function: accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+            accessEndOfInputFileFlag( SET_INPUT_FLAG, false );
+
+            // return successful operation
+            return true;
+           }  
+
+        // return failed  operation
+        return false;
+       }
+
+   /*
+    Name: openInputFile
+    process: opens input file, sets file pointer and unsets end of file flag,
+             returns true if successful, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters: file name (c-string)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: success of operation (bool)
+    Device input/file: file opened
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: fopen, accessInputFilePointer, accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+    */
+    bool openInputFile( const char *fileName )
+       {
+        // initialize variables
+        FILE *filePtr = NULL;
+        char readOnlyCharacter[] = "r";
+
+        // check for file not open
+           // function: checkForInputFileOpen
+        if( !checkForInputFileOpen() )
+           {
+            // open file
+               // function: fopen
+            filePtr = fopen( fileName, readOnlyCharacter );
+
+            // check for success of file open
+            if( filePtr != NULL )
+               {
+                // set pointer in access function
+                   // function: accessInputFilePointer
+                accessInputFilePointer( SET_INPUT_FILE_PTR, filePtr );
+
+                // reset end of file flag, if needed
+                   // accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+                accessEndOfInputFileFlag( SET_INPUT_FLAG, false );
+
+                // return operation success
+                return true;
+               }
+           }
+        // end of file not previously opened block
+
+        // return operation failure
+        return false;
+       }
+    
+    /*
+    Name: readCharacterFromFile
+    process: ignores leading unprintable characters, including space,
+             captures first printable character
+    Function input/parameters: allow space capture (bool)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: character found if successful, ZERO_CHAR otherwise
+    Device input/file: character(s) captured from file as needed
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: readCharacterFromFileConfigured
+    */
+    char readCharacterFromFile()
+       {
+        // initialize parameter to not allow space
+        bool noSpaceCapture = false;
+
+        // capture character, return
+           // function: getCharFromFileConfigured
+        return readCharacterFromFileConfigured( noSpaceCapture );
+       }
+
+    /*
+    Name: readCharacterFromFileConfigured
+    process: ignores leading unprintable characters,
+             captures first printable character,
+             including space if allowed
+    Function input/parameters: allow space capture (bool)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: character found if successful, ZERO_CHAR otherwise
+    Device input/file: character(s) captured from file as needed
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: checkForInputFileOpen, checkForEndOfInputFile, 
+                  accessInputFilePointer, clearLeadingWhiteSpace, 
+                  accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+    */
+    char readCharacterFromFileConfigured( bool captureSpace )
+       {
+        // initialize variables
+        FILE *filePtr;
+        int intChar = ZERO_CHAR;
+
+        // check for file open and data accessible
+           // function: checkForInputFileOpen, checkForEndOfInputFile
+        if( checkForInputFileOpen() && !checkForEndOfInputFile() )
+           {
+            // set file pointer
+               // function: accessInputFilePointer
+            filePtr = accessInputFilePointer( GET_INPUT_FILE_PTR, 
+                                                         DUMMY_INPUT_FILE_PTR );
+
+            // get character
+               // function: clearLeadingWhiteSpace
+            intChar = clearLeadingWhiteSpace( filePtr, !captureSpace );
+
+            // check for end of file found
+            if( intChar == EOF )
+               {
+                // set end of file flag
+                   // function: accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+                accessEndOfInputFileFlag( SET_INPUT_FLAG, true );
+
+                // set return value to zero
+                intChar = ZERO_CHAR;
+               }
+           }
+
+        // return value as character
+        return intChar;
+       }
+
+    /*
+    Name: readDoubleFromFile
+    process: ignores leading unprintable characters,
+             captures first contiguous double value
+    Function input/parameters: none
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: double value found if successful (double)
+    Device input/file: double value captured from file
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: checkForInputFileOpen, checkForEndOfInputFile, 
+                  accessInputFilePointer, fscanf, accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+    */
+    double readDoubleFromFile()
+       {
+        // initialize variables
+        FILE *filePtr = NULL;
+        int fscanfReturn = EOF;
+        double doubleVal = ZERO_VALUE;
+
+        // check for file open and data accessible
+           // function: checkForInputFileOpen, checkForEndOfInputFile
+        if( checkForInputFileOpen() && !checkForEndOfInputFile() )
+           {
+            // set file pointer
+               // function: accessInputFilePointer
+            filePtr = accessInputFilePointer( GET_INPUT_FILE_PTR, 
+                                                         DUMMY_INPUT_FILE_PTR );
+
+            // get double value
+               // function: fscanf
+            fscanfReturn = fscanf( filePtr, "%lf", &doubleVal );
+
+            // check for end of file found
+            if( fscanfReturn == EOF )
+               {
+                // set end of file flag
+                   // function: accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+                accessEndOfInputFileFlag( SET_INPUT_FLAG, true );
+
+                // set return value to zero
+                doubleVal = ZERO_VALUE;
+               }
+           }
+ 
+        // return acquired value
+        return doubleVal;
+       }
+      
+    /*
+    Name: readIntegerFromFile
+    process: ignores leading unprintable characters,
+             captures first contiguous integer
+    Function input/parameters: none
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: integer found if successful, ZERO_VALUE otherwise
+    Device input/file: character(s) captured from file as needed
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: checkForInputFileOpen, checkForEndOfInputFile, 
+                  accessInputFilePointer, fscanf, accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+    */
+    int readIntegerFromFile()
+       {
+        // initialize variables
+        FILE *filePtr = NULL;
+        int fscanfReturn = EOF;
+        int intVal = ZERO_VALUE;
+
+        // check for file open and data accessible
+           // function: checkForInputFileOpen, checkForEndOfInputFile
+        if( checkForInputFileOpen() && !checkForEndOfInputFile() )
+           {
+            // set file pointer
+               // function: accessInputFilePointer
+            filePtr = accessInputFilePointer( GET_INPUT_FILE_PTR, 
+                                                         DUMMY_INPUT_FILE_PTR );
+
+            // get integer value
+               // function: fscanf
+            fscanfReturn = fscanf( filePtr, "%d", &intVal );
+
+            // check for end of file found
+            if( fscanfReturn == EOF )
+               {
+                // set end of file flag
+                   // function: accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+                accessEndOfInputFileFlag( SET_INPUT_FLAG, true );
+
+                // set return value to zero
+                intVal = ZERO_VALUE;
+               }
+           }
+ 
+        // return acquired value
+        return intVal;
+       }
+      
+    /*
+    Name: readLongFromFile
+    process: ignores leading unprintable characters,
+             captures first contiguous long int
+    Function input/parameters: none
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: long integer found if successful, 
+                              ZERO_VALUE otherwise
+    Device input/file: long value captured from file
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: checkForInputFileOpen, checkForEndOfInputFile, 
+                  accessInputFilePointer, fscanf, accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+    */
+    long readLongFromFile()
+       {
+        // initialize variables
+        FILE *filePtr = NULL;
+        int fscanfReturn = EOF;
+        long longVal = ZERO_VALUE;
+
+        // check for file open and data accessible
+           // function: checkForInputFileOpen, checkForEndOfInputFile
+        if( checkForInputFileOpen() && !checkForEndOfInputFile() )
+           {
+            // set file pointer
+               // function: accessInputFilePointer
+            filePtr = accessInputFilePointer( GET_INPUT_FILE_PTR, 
+                                                         DUMMY_INPUT_FILE_PTR );
+
+            // get long value
+               // function: fscanf
+            fscanfReturn = fscanf( filePtr, "%ld", &longVal );
+
+            // check for end of file found
+            if( fscanfReturn == EOF )
+               {
+                // set end of file flag
+                   // function: accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+                accessEndOfInputFileFlag( SET_INPUT_FLAG, true );
+
+                // set return value to zero
+                longVal = ZERO_VALUE;
+               }
+           }
+ 
+        // return acquired value
+        return longVal;
+       }
+      
+    /*
+    Name: readRawCharFromFile
+    process: captures first character in file stream including non-printable
+    Function input/parameters: none
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: character found if successful, ZERO_CHAR otherwise
+    Device input/file: character captured from file
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: checkForInputFileOpen, checkForEndOfInputFile, 
+                  accessInputFilePointer, fgetc, accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+    */
+    char readRawCharFromFile()
+       {
+        // initialize variables
+        FILE *filePtr = NULL;
+        int intChar = (int)ZERO_CHAR;
+
+        // check for file open and data accessible
+           // function: checkForInputFileOpen, checkForEndOfInputFile
+        if( checkForInputFileOpen() && !checkForEndOfInputFile() )
+           {
+            // set file pointer
+               // function: accessInputFilePointer
+            filePtr = accessInputFilePointer( GET_INPUT_FILE_PTR, 
+                                                         DUMMY_INPUT_FILE_PTR );
+
+            // get character
+               // function: fgetc
+            intChar = fgetc( filePtr );
+
+            // check for end of file found
+            if( intChar == EOF )
+               {
+                // set end of file flag
+                   // function: accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+                accessEndOfInputFileFlag( SET_INPUT_FLAG, true );
+
+                // set return value to zero
+                intChar = (int)ZERO_CHAR;
+               }
+           }
+ 
+        // return acquired value
+        return (char)intChar;
+       }
+
+    /*
+    Name: readStringConfiguredFromFile
+    Process: captures string with options:
+             - clear leading non printable (bool)
+             - clear leading space character (bool)
+             - adquires characters up to any non-printable (bool)
+             - adquires characters up to any printable delimiter (char)
+               - use constant NON_PRINTABLE if no delimiter
+             - also stops capture when full (MAX_STR_LEN)
+             Note: This function consumes the last character input,
+             including the space, delimiter, or non-printable character
+    Function input/parameters: see process above
+    Function output/parameters: captured string (char *), EMPTY_STRING otherwise
+    Function output/returned: success of operation (bool)
+    Device input/file: character(s) captured from file as needed
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: checkForInputFileOpen, checkForEndOfInputFile, 
+                  clearLeadingWhiteSpace, fgetc, accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+    */
+   bool readStringConfiguredFromFile( bool clearLeadingNonPrintable, 
+                                      bool clearLeadingSpace, 
+                                      bool stopAtNonPrintable, 
+                                      char delimiter,
+                                      char *capturedString )
+      {
+       // initialize variables
+       int intChar = EOF, index = 0;
+       FILE *filePtr = NULL;
+       
+       // initialize output string
+       capturedString[ index ] = NULL_CHAR;
+
+       // check for file open and data accessible
+          // function: checkForInputFileOpen, checkForEndOfInputFile
+       if( checkForInputFileOpen() && !checkForEndOfInputFile() )
+          {
+           // get file pointer
+              // function: accessFilePtr
+           filePtr = accessInputFilePointer( GET_INPUT_FILE_PTR, 
+                                                         DUMMY_INPUT_FILE_PTR );
+
+           // check for clearing non printable
+           if( clearLeadingNonPrintable )
+              {
+               // clear leading white space, with clear space character flag
+                  // function: clearLeadingWhiteSpace
+               intChar = clearLeadingWhiteSpace( filePtr, clearLeadingSpace );
+              }
+
+           // otherwise, assume non printable not cleared
+           else
+              {
+               // get first character
+                  // function: fgetc
+               intChar = fgetc( filePtr );
+
+               // check for clearing spaces
+               if( clearLeadingSpace )
+                  {
+                   // loop while spaces found and end of file not found
+                   while( intChar != EOF && intChar == (int)SPACE )
+                      {
+                       // capture new character
+                          // function: fgetc
+                       intChar = fgetc( filePtr );
+                      }
+                  }
+              }  // end leading character clearing process
+
+            // check for end of file found
+            if( intChar == EOF )
+               {
+                // set end of file flag
+                   // function: accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+                accessEndOfInputFileFlag( SET_INPUT_FLAG, true );
+
+                // return failed operation
+                return false;
+               }
+
+            // loop to capture input
+            while( 
+            // continues if not at end of file and max string length not reached
+            ( intChar != EOF && index < MAX_STR_LEN - 1 )  
+
+            // AND
+            // continues if not printable flag set and characters are printable
+            // OR not printable flag not set
+            && ( ( stopAtNonPrintable && intChar >= (int)SPACE ) 
+                   || ( !stopAtNonPrintable ) )
+
+            // AND
+            // continues if specified delimiter is not found
+            && ( intChar != (char)delimiter ) 
+                 )
+               {
+                // place character in array element
+                capturedString[ index ] = (char)intChar;
+
+                // increment array index
+                index++;
+
+                // set next element to null character / end of c-string
+                capturedString[ index ] = NULL_CHAR;
+
+                // get next character as integer
+                   // function: fgetc
+                intChar = fgetc( filePtr );
+               }
+            // end loop
+
+            // return successful operation
+            return true;
+           }  
+       // end of open file and accessible data block
+
+       return false;  // temporary stub return
+      }
+
+   /*
+    Name: readStringSegmentFromFile
+    process: ignores leading white space, including space character,
+             captures series of characters up to first space,
+             or end of line, or full string
+    Function input/parameters: none
+    Function output/parameters: captured string (char *), EMPTY_STRING otherwise
+    Function output/returned: success of operation (bool)
+    Device input/file: character(s) captured from file as needed
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: readStringConfigured with appropriate parameters
+    */
+    bool readStringSegmentFromFile( char *capturedString )
+       {
+        // initialize variables
+        bool clearLeadingNonPrintable = true;
+        bool clearLeadingSpace = true;
+        bool stopAtNonPrintable = true;
+        char delimiter = SPACE;
+
+        // call utility function, return
+        return readStringConfiguredFromFile( clearLeadingNonPrintable, 
+                                             clearLeadingSpace, 
+                                             stopAtNonPrintable, 
+                                             delimiter,
+                                             capturedString );
+       }
+
+   /*
+    Name: readStringToLineEndFromFile
+    process: ignores leading white space, including space character,
+             captures series of characters up to end of current line
+             or full string
+    Function input/parameters: none
+    Function output/parameters: captured string (char *), EMPTY_STRING otherwise
+    Function output/returned: string found if successful
+    Device input/file: character(s) captured from file as needed
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: readStringConfigured with appropriate parameters
+    */
+    bool readStringToLineEndFromFile( char *capturedString )
+       {
+        // initialize variables
+        bool clearLeadingNonPrintable = true;
+        bool clearLeadingSpace = true;
+        bool stopAtNonPrintable = true;
+        char delimiter = NON_PRINTABLE;
+
+        // call utility function, return
+        return readStringConfiguredFromFile( clearLeadingNonPrintable, 
+                                             clearLeadingSpace, 
+                                             stopAtNonPrintable, 
+                                             delimiter,
+                                             capturedString );
+       }
+
+   /*
+    Name: readStringToDelimiterFromFile
+    process: ignores leading white space, including space character,
+             captures series of characters up to specified character
+    Function input/parameters: none
+    Function output/parameters: captured string (char *), EMPTY_STRING otherwise
+    Function output/returned: string found if successful
+    Device input/file: character(s) captured from file as needed
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: readStringConfigured with appropriate parameters
+    */
+    bool readStringToDelimiterFromFile( char delimiter, char *capturedString )
+       {
+        // initialize variables
+        bool clearLeadingNonPrintable = true;
+        bool clearLeadingSpace = true;
+        bool stopAtNonPrintable = true;
+
+        // call utility function, return
+        return readStringConfiguredFromFile( clearLeadingNonPrintable, 
+                                             clearLeadingSpace, 
+                                             stopAtNonPrintable, 
+                                             delimiter,
+                                             capturedString );
+       }
+
+

PA02-0913/File_Input_Utility.h

@@ -0,0 +1,295 @@
+/*
+Formatted file input utility, function prototypes
+
+Copyright (c) 2021 by Michael E. Leverington
+
+Code is free for use in whole or in part and may be modified for other
+non-commercial use as long as the above copyright statement is included.
+*/
+/*
+Rev 0.0: 30 June 2021, Initial creation of file
+
+UTILITY USAGE INSTRUCTIONS:
+
+1) This utility contains functions that may be used for file input operations
+   using the C programming language with text files.
+   The utility must be linked with the program code with which
+   it will be used. 
+      
+2) Specifications for all the functions 
+    are provided in a standardized format below.
+
+3) Use this code at your own risk. There is no guarantee of any performance,
+   implied or otherwise, for any part of this code
+
+   END OF INSTRUCTIONS
+*/
+
+// PreProcessor test
+#ifndef FILE_INPUT_UTILITY_H
+#define FILE_INPUT_UTILITY_H
+
+// header files
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include "StandardConstants.h"
+
+// constants shared with other files
+
+    // non printable flag, used in getStringConfigured
+    static const char NON_PRINTABLE = (char)(127);
+
+    // constant used for zero character return
+    static const char ZERO_CHAR = '0';
+    
+    // constant used for zero int/double value return
+    static const char ZERO_VALUE = 0;
+
+// function prototypes
+
+    /*
+    Name: accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+    process: allows accessing or modifying end of file flag state;
+             note: flag is maintained (static) value initialized to false
+    Function input/parameters: control code (int), flag state (bool)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: result of flag state (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: none
+    */
+    bool accessEndOfInputFileFlag( int ctrlCode, bool setFlag );
+
+    /*
+    Name: accessInputFilePointer
+    process: allows setting or accessing file pointer;
+             note: pointer is maintained (static) value initialized to NULL
+    Function input/parameters: control code (int), file pointer (FILE *)
+                               DUMMY_INPUT_FILE_PTR used 
+                               if not setting file pointer
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: file pointer (FILE *)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: none
+    */
+    FILE *accessInputFilePointer( int ctrlCode, const FILE *filePtr );
+
+    /*
+    Name: checkForEndOfInputFile
+    process: checks to see if end of file flag has been encountered,
+             returns true if EOF has been encountered, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters: none
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: result of specified test (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+    */
+    bool checkForEndOfInputFile();
+
+    /*
+    Name: checkForInputFileOpen
+    process: checks to see if file is currently open
+             returns true if file pointer not null, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters: none
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: result of specified test (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: accessInputFilePointer
+    */
+    bool checkForInputFileOpen();
+
+    /*
+    Name: clearLeadingWhiteSpace
+    process: captures non printable characters,
+             and space if flag set,
+             returns first non white space value found as integer
+    Function input/parameters: file pointer (FILE *), clear space flag (bool)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: first non WS character as integer
+    Device input/file: value captured from file
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: fgetc
+    */
+    int clearLeadingWhiteSpace( FILE *filePtr, bool clearSpace );
+
+    /*
+    Name: closeInputFile
+    process: closes input file, returns true if successful, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters: none
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: none
+    Device input/file: file closed
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: accessInputFilePointer, fclose, accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+    */
+    bool closeInputFile();
+
+   /*
+    Name: openInputFile
+    process: opens input file, sets file pointer and unsets end of file flag,
+             returns true if successful, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters: file name (c-string)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: success of operation (bool)
+    Device input/file: file opened
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: fopen, accessInputFilePointer, accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+    */
+    bool openInputFile( const char *fileName );
+    
+    /*
+    Name: readCharacterFromFile
+    process: ignores leading unprintable characters, including space,
+             captures first printable character
+    Function input/parameters: allow space capture (bool)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: character found if successful, ZERO_CHAR otherwise
+    Device input/file: character(s) captured from file as needed
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: readCharacterFromFileConfigured
+    */
+    char readCharacterFromFile();
+
+    /*
+    Name: readCharacterFromFileConfigured
+    process: ignores leading unprintable characters,
+             captures first printable character,
+             including space if allowed
+    Function input/parameters: allow space capture (bool)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: character found if successful, ZERO_CHAR otherwise
+    Device input/file: character(s) captured from file as needed
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: checkForInputFileOpen, checkForEndOfInputFile, 
+                  accessInputFilePointer, clearLeadingWhiteSpace, 
+                  accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+    */
+    char readCharacterFromFileConfigured( bool captureSpace );
+
+    /*
+    Name: readDoubleFromFile
+    process: ignores leading unprintable characters,
+             captures first contiguous double value
+    Function input/parameters: none
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: double value found if successful (double)
+    Device input/file: double value captured from file
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: checkForInputFileOpen, checkForEndOfInputFile, 
+                  accessInputFilePointer, fscanf, accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+    */
+    double readDoubleFromFile();
+      
+    /*
+    Name: readIntegerFromFile
+    process: ignores leading unprintable characters,
+             captures first contiguous integer
+    Function input/parameters: none
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: integer found if successful, ZERO_VALUE otherwise
+    Device input/file: character(s) captured from file as needed
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: checkForInputFileOpen, checkForEndOfInputFile, 
+                  accessInputFilePointer, fscanf, accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+    */
+    int readIntegerFromFile();
+      
+    /*
+    Name: readLongFromFile
+    process: ignores leading unprintable characters,
+             captures first contiguous long int
+    Function input/parameters: none
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: long integer found if successful, 
+                              ZERO_VALUE otherwise
+    Device input/file: long value captured from file
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: checkForInputFileOpen, checkForEndOfInputFile, 
+                  accessInputFilePointer, fscanf, accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+    */
+    long readLongFromFile();
+      
+    /*
+    Name: readRawCharFromFile
+    process: captures first character in file stream including non-printable
+    Function input/parameters: none
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: character found if successful, ZERO_CHAR otherwise
+    Device input/file: character captured from file
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: checkForInputFileOpen, checkForEndOfInputFile, 
+                  accessInputFilePointer, fgetc, accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+    */
+    char readRawCharFromFile();
+
+    /*
+    Name: readStringConfiguredFromFile
+    Process: captures string with options:
+             - clear leading non printable (bool)
+             - clear leading space character (bool)
+             - adquires characters up to any non-printable (bool)
+             - adquires characters up to any printable delimiter (char)
+               - use constant NON_PRINTABLE if no delimiter
+             - also stops capture when full (MAX_STR_LEN)
+             Note: This function consumes the last character input,
+             including the space, delimiter, or non-printable character
+    Function input/parameters: see process above
+    Function output/parameters: captured string (char *), EMPTY_STRING otherwise
+    Function output/returned: success of operation (bool)
+    Device input/file: character(s) captured from file as needed
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: checkForInputFileOpen, checkForEndOfInputFile, 
+                  clearLeadingWhiteSpace, fgetc, accessEndOfInputFileFlag
+    */
+   bool readStringConfiguredFromFile( bool clearLeadingNonPrintable, 
+                                      bool clearLeadingSpace, 
+                                      bool stopAtNonPrintable, 
+                                      char delimiter,
+                                      char *capturedString );
+
+   /*
+    Name: readStringSegmentFromFile
+    process: ignores leading white space, including space character,
+             captures series of characters up to first space,
+             or end of line, or full string
+    Function input/parameters: none
+    Function output/parameters: captured string (char *), EMPTY_STRING otherwise
+    Function output/returned: success of operation (bool)
+    Device input/file: character(s) captured from file as needed
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: readStringConfigured with appropriate parameters
+    */
+    bool readStringSegmentFromFile( char *capturedString );
+
+   /*
+    Name: readStringToLineEndFromFile
+    process: ignores leading white space, including space character,
+             captures series of characters up to end of current line
+             or full string
+    Function input/parameters: none
+    Function output/parameters: captured string (char *), EMPTY_STRING otherwise
+    Function output/returned: string found if successful
+    Device input/file: character(s) captured from file as needed
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: readStringConfigured with appropriate parameters
+    */
+    bool readStringToLineEndFromFile( char *capturedString );
+
+   /*
+    Name: readStringToDelimiterFromFile
+    process: ignores leading white space, including space character,
+             captures series of characters up to specified character
+    Function input/parameters: none
+    Function output/parameters: captured string (char *), EMPTY_STRING otherwise
+    Function output/returned: string found if successful
+    Device input/file: character(s) captured from file as needed
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: readStringConfigured with appropriate parameters
+    */
+    bool readStringToDelimiterFromFile( char delimiter, char *capturedString );
+
+#endif  // FILE_INPUT_UTILITY_H
+

PA02-0913/File_Output_Utility.c

@@ -0,0 +1,511 @@
+/*
+Formatted file ouput utility, function implementations
+
+Copyright (c) 2021 by Michael E. Leverington
+
+Code is free for use in whole or in part and may be modified for other
+non-commercial use as long as the above copyright statement is included.
+*/
+
+// header files
+#include "File_Output_Utility.h"
+
+// local global constants, used only in this file
+
+    // dummy file pointer for accessInputFilePointer
+    const FILE *DUMMY_OUTPUT_FILE_PTR = NULL;
+
+    // dummy Boolean for accessEndOfInputFileFlag, accessOpenFlag
+//    const char DUMMY_OUTPUT_FLAG = false;
+
+    // control code for accessing file pointer, accessInputFilePointer
+    const int GET_OUTPUT_FILE_PTR = 6006;
+
+    // control code for accessing flag value, 
+    //   accessEndOfInputFileFlag, accessOpenFlag
+    const int GET_OUTPUT_FLAG = 9009;
+
+    // control code for setting file pointer, accessInputFilePointer
+    const int SET_OUTPUT_FILE_PTR = 8008;
+
+    // control code for setting flag value, accessEndOfInputFileFlag, 
+    //   accessOpenFlag
+//    const int SET_OUTPUT_FLAG = 1001;
+
+    /*
+    Name: accessOutputFilePointer
+    process: allows setting or accessing file pointer;
+             note: pointer is maintained (static) value initialized to NULL
+    Function input/parameters: control code (int), file pointer (FILE *)
+                               DUMMY_OUTPUT_FILE_PTR used 
+                               if not setting file pointer
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: file pointer (FILE *)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: none
+    */
+    FILE *accessOutputFilePointer( int ctrlCode, const FILE *filePtr )
+       {
+        static FILE *filePointer = NULL;
+
+        // check for set new pointer
+        if( ctrlCode == SET_OUTPUT_FILE_PTR )
+           {
+            // set file pointer to parameter
+            filePointer = (FILE *)filePtr;
+           }
+
+        // return file pointer
+        return filePointer;
+       }
+
+    /*
+    Name: closeOutputFile
+    Process: closes output file, returns true if successful, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters: none
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: operation success (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/file: output file closed
+    Dependencies: accessOutputFilePointer, fclose
+    */
+    bool closeOutputFile()
+       {
+        // set local file pointer to working file pointer
+           // function: accessOutputFilePointer
+        FILE *filePtr = accessOutputFilePointer( GET_OUTPUT_FILE_PTR, 
+                                                         DUMMY_OUTPUT_FILE_PTR );
+
+        // check for valid file pointer
+        if( filePtr != NULL )
+           {
+            // add two more endlines to verify that the data is ended
+            // and has at least one extra newline after the data
+               // function: fprintf
+            fprintf( filePtr, "\n\n" );
+
+            // flush all data to the device
+               // function: fflush
+            fflush( filePtr );
+
+            // close file
+               // function: fclose
+            fclose( filePtr );
+
+            // set pointer to NULL
+               // function: accessOutputFilePointer
+            accessOutputFilePointer( SET_OUTPUT_FILE_PTR, NULL );
+
+            // return successful operation
+            return true;
+           }  
+
+        // return failed operation
+        return false;
+       }
+
+    /*
+    Name: openOutputFile
+    Process: opens input file, returns true if successful, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters: file name (c-string)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: operation success (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/file: output file opened
+    Dependencies: accessOutputFilePointer, fopen
+    */
+    bool openOutputFile( const char *fileName )
+       {
+        // initialize variables
+        FILE *filePtr = accessOutputFilePointer( GET_OUTPUT_FILE_PTR, 
+                                                        DUMMY_OUTPUT_FILE_PTR );
+        char writeCharacter[] = "w";
+
+        // check for file not open
+        if( filePtr == NULL )
+           {
+            // open file
+               // function: fopen
+            filePtr = fopen( fileName, writeCharacter );
+
+            // check for success of file open
+            if( filePtr != NULL )
+               {
+                // set pointer in access function
+                   // function: accessInputFilePointer
+                accessOutputFilePointer( SET_OUTPUT_FILE_PTR, filePtr );
+
+                // return operation success
+                return true;
+               }
+           }
+        // end of file not previously opened block
+
+        // return operation failure
+        return false;
+       }
+
+    /*
+    Name: writeCharacterToFile
+    Process: writes individual character to file,
+             returns true if successful, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters: character to output (char)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: operation success (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/file: character written to file
+    Dependencies: accessOutputFilePointer, fprintf
+    */
+    bool writeCharacterToFile( char outChar )
+       {
+        // initialize variables, set file pointer
+           // function: accessOutputFilePointer
+        FILE *filePtr = accessOutputFilePointer( GET_OUTPUT_FILE_PTR, 
+                                                        DUMMY_OUTPUT_FILE_PTR );
+
+        // check for open file
+           // function: checkForOutputFileOpen
+        if( filePtr != NULL )
+           {
+            // write character
+               // function: fprintf
+            fprintf( filePtr, "%c", outChar );
+
+            // return successful operation
+            return true;
+           }
+      
+        // return failed operation
+        return false;
+       }
+
+    /*
+    Name: writeCharactersToFile
+    Process: writes multiple characters to file,
+             returns true if successful, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters: number of characters to output (int),
+                               character to output (char)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: operation success (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/file: multiple characters written to file
+    Dependencies: writeCharacterToFile
+    */
+    bool writeCharactersToFile( int numChars, char outChar )
+       {
+        // check for number of characters remaining,
+        if( numChars > 0 )
+           {
+            // write character, check for success 
+               // function: writeChar
+            if( writeCharacterToFile( outChar ) )
+               {
+                // continue recursion, 
+                // check for downstream success
+                   // function: writeChars
+                return writeCharactersToFile( numChars - 1, outChar );
+               }
+
+            // quit recursion
+            // return unsuccessful operation - write operation failed
+            return false;
+           }
+
+        // return successful operation - all characters have been written
+        return true;
+       }
+
+    /*
+    Name: writeDoubleToFile
+    Process: writes individual formatted double value to file,
+             returns true if successful, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters: double value to output (double),
+                             number of digits to right of radix point
+                             (precision) (int)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: operation success (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/file: double written to file
+    Dependencies: writeDoubleJustifiedToFile
+    */
+    bool writeDoubleToFile( double outVal, int precision )
+       {
+        // initialize variables, set block size to zero and justified to "LEFT"
+        int blockSize = 0;
+        char justified[] = "LEFT";
+        
+        // call to justified function
+           // function: writeDoubleJustifiedToFile
+        return writeDoubleJustifiedToFile( outVal, precision, 
+                                                         blockSize, justified );
+       }
+
+    /*
+    Name: writeDoubleToFileJustified
+    Process: writes individual formatted double value to file justified,
+             returns true if successful, false otherwise
+             outVal - the double value to be output
+             precision - number of digits to the right of the radix point
+             blockSize - the width of the block within which
+                         to print the integer value (int)
+             justify - "LEFT," "RIGHT," or "CENTER" justification 
+                       in block (c-string)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: operation success (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/file: double written to file as specified
+    Dependencies: sprintf, writeStringJustifiedToFile
+    */
+    bool writeDoubleJustifiedToFile( double outVal, int precision, 
+                                          int blockSize, const char *justified )
+       {
+        // initialize variables, create temp string for configuration string
+        char specStr[ MIN_STR_LEN ];
+
+        // initialize variables, create temporary output string
+        char outStr[ MIN_STR_LEN ];
+
+        // set configuration string with precision value
+           // function: sprintf
+        sprintf( specStr, "%s0.%dlf", "%", precision );
+
+        // set double to string
+           // function: sprintf
+        sprintf( outStr, specStr, outVal );
+
+        // write as string, return result
+           // function: writeStringJustified
+        return writeStringJustifiedToFile( outStr, blockSize, justified );
+       }
+
+    /*
+    Name: writeEndlineToFile
+    Process: writes newline ('\n') to file,
+             returns true if successful, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters: none
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: operation success (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/file: newline written to file
+    Dependencies: accessOutputFilePointer, fprintf
+    */
+    bool writeEndlineToFile()
+       {
+        // get file pointer, initialize variable
+           // function: accessOutputFilePointer
+        FILE *filePtr = accessOutputFilePointer( GET_OUTPUT_FILE_PTR, 
+                                                        DUMMY_OUTPUT_FILE_PTR );
+
+        // check for open file
+        if( filePtr != NULL )
+           {
+            // print endline to file
+               // function: fprintf
+            fprintf( filePtr, "%c", NEWLINE_CHAR );
+
+            // return successful operation
+            return true;
+           }
+
+        // file not open, return failed operation
+        return false;
+       }
+
+    /*
+    Name: writeEndlinesToFile
+    Process: writes multiple carriage return ('\r')
+             and newline ('\n') pairs to file,
+             returns true if successful, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters: number of endline pairs to write (int)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: operation success (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/file: multiple newline characters written to file
+    Dependencies: writeString
+    */
+    bool writeEndlinesToFile( int numEndlines )
+       {
+        // check for number of characters remaining,
+        if( numEndlines > 0 )
+           {
+            // write endline, check for success 
+               // function: writeEndlineTofile
+            if( writeEndlineToFile() )
+               {
+                // continue recursion, 
+                // check for downstream success
+                   // function: writeEndlinesToFile
+                return writeEndlinesToFile( numEndlines - 1 );
+               }
+
+            // quit recursion
+            // return unsuccessful operation - write operation failed
+            return false;
+           }
+
+        // return successful operation - all endlines have been written
+        return true;
+       }
+
+    /*
+    Name: writeIntegerToFile
+    Process: writes individual integer to file,
+             returns true if successful, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters: integer to output (int)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: operation success (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/file: integer written to file
+    Dependencies: writeIntegerJustifiedToFile
+    */
+    bool writeIntegerToFile( int outVal )
+       {
+        // initialize variables, set block size to zero and justified to "LEFT"
+        int blockSize = 0;
+        char justified[] = "LEFT";
+       
+        // call to justified function
+           // function: writeDoubleJustifiedToFile
+        return writeIntegerJustifiedToFile( outVal, blockSize, justified );
+       }
+
+    /*
+    Name: writeIntegerJustifiedToFile
+    Process: writes individual integer to file,
+             returns true if successful, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters:
+                    outVal - the integer value to be output
+                    precision - number of digits to the right of the radix point
+                    blockSize - the width of the block within which
+                         to print the integer value (int)
+                    justify - "LEFT," "RIGHT," or "CENTER" justification 
+                       in block (c-string)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: operation success (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/file: integer written to file as specified
+    Dependencies: sprintf, writeStringJustifiedToFile
+    */
+    bool writeIntegerJustifiedToFile( int outVal, int blockSize, 
+                                                         const char *justified )
+       {
+        // initialize variables, create temporary output string
+        char outStr[ MIN_STR_LEN ];
+
+        // set integer to string
+           // function: sprintf
+        sprintf( outStr, "%d", outVal );
+
+        // write as string, return result
+           // function: writeStringJustified
+        return writeStringJustifiedToFile( outStr, blockSize, justified );
+       }
+
+    /*
+    Name: writeStringToFile
+    Process: writes String value to file,
+             returns true if successful, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters: double value to output (double),
+                             number of digits to right of radix point
+                             (precision) (int)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: operation success (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/file: String written to file
+    Dependencies: writeStringJustifiedToFile
+    */
+    bool writeStringToFile( const char *outString )
+       {
+        // initialize variables, set block size to zero and justified to "LEFT"
+        int blockSize = 0;
+        char justified[] = "LEFT";
+     
+        // call to justified function
+           // function: writeStringJustifiedToFile
+        return writeStringJustifiedToFile( outString, blockSize, justified );
+       }
+
+    /*
+    Name: writeStringJustifiedToFile
+    Process: write string to file within specified block size
+             and with specified justification
+    Function input/parameters:
+ 		           outVal - the string value to be output
+                   blockSize - the width of the block within which
+                               to print the integer value (int)
+                   justify - "LEFT," "RIGHT," or "CENTER" justification 
+                             in block (c-string)
+    Function output/parameters: None
+    Function output/returned: success of output operation (bool)
+    Function input/keyboard: None
+    Device output/file: string written to file as specified
+    Dependencies: strlen, strcmp, writeCharactersToFile, fprint
+    */
+    bool writeStringJustifiedToFile( const char *outStr,
+                                            int blockSize, const char *justify )
+      {
+       // initialize variables, set pre-, post- spaces to zero
+       int preSpaces = 0, postSpaces = 0, strLength;
+
+       // get file pointer
+          // function: accessFileOutputFilePointer
+       FILE *filePtr = accessOutputFilePointer( GET_OUTPUT_FILE_PTR, 
+                                                        DUMMY_OUTPUT_FILE_PTR );
+
+       if( filePtr != NULL )
+          {
+           // find length of string
+              // function: strlen
+           strLength = strlen( outStr );
+
+           // check justification for "LEFT"
+              // function: strcmp
+           if( strcmp( justify, "LEFT" ) == 0 )
+              {
+               // set post spaces for left justification
+               postSpaces = blockSize - strLength;
+              }
+
+           // otherwise, check justification for "RIGHT"
+              // function: strcmp
+           else if( strcmp( justify, "RIGHT" ) == 0 )
+              {
+               // set pre spaces for right justification
+               preSpaces = blockSize - strLength;
+              }
+
+           // Otherwise, assume "CENTER" justification
+           else
+              {
+               // set pre spaces for centered
+               preSpaces = blockSize / 2 - strLength / 2;
+
+               // set post spaces for centered
+               postSpaces = blockSize - strLength - preSpaces;
+              }
+
+           // print pre spaces, check for success
+              // function: writeCharactersToFile
+           writeCharactersToFile( preSpaces, SPACE );
+              
+           // print string
+              // function: fprintf
+           fprintf( filePtr, "%s", outStr );
+
+           // print post spaces
+              // function: printChars
+           writeCharactersToFile( postSpaces, SPACE );
+
+           // return successful operation
+           return true;
+          }
+
+       // return failed operation
+       return false;
+      }
+
+
+
+
+

PA02-0913/File_Output_Utility.h

@@ -0,0 +1,236 @@
+/*
+Formatted file output utility, function prototypes
+
+Copyright (c) 2021 by Michael E. Leverington
+
+Code is free for use in whole or in part and may be modified for other
+non-commercial use as long as the above copyright statement is included.
+*/
+/*
+Rev 0.0: 30 June 2021, Initial creation of file
+
+UTILITY USAGE INSTRUCTIONS:
+
+1) This utility contains functions that may be used for file input operations
+   using the C programming language with text files.
+   The utility must be linked with the program code with which
+   it will be used. 
+      
+2) Specifications for all the functions 
+    are provided in a standardized format below.
+
+3) Use this code at your own risk. There is no guarantee of any performance,
+   implied or otherwise, for any part of this code
+
+   END OF INSTRUCTIONS
+*/
+
+// PreProcessor directives
+#ifndef FILE_OUTPUT_UTILITY_H
+#define FILE_OUTPUT_UTILITY_H
+
+// header files
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "StandardConstants.h"
+
+// function prototypes
+
+    /*
+    Name: accessOutputFilePointer
+    process: allows setting or accessing file pointer;
+             note: pointer is maintained (static) value initialized to NULL
+    Function input/parameters: control code (int), file pointer (FILE *)
+                               DUMMY_OUTPUT_FILE_PTR used 
+                               if not setting file pointer
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: file pointer (FILE *)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/monitor: none
+    Dependencies: none
+    */
+    FILE *accessOutputFilePointer( int ctrlCode, const FILE *filePtr );
+
+    /*
+    Name: closeOutputFile
+    Process: closes output file, returns true if successful, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters: none
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: operation success (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/file: output file closed
+    Dependencies: accessOutputFilePointer, fclose
+    */
+    bool closeOutputFile();
+
+    /*
+    Name: openOutputFile
+    Process: opens input file, returns true if successful, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters: file name (c-string)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: operation success (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/file: output file opened
+    Dependencies: accessOutputFilePointer, fopen
+    */
+    bool openOutputFile( const char *fileName );
+
+    /*
+    Name: writeCharacterToFile
+    Process: writes individual character to file,
+             returns true if successful, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters: character to output (char)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: operation success (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/file: character written to file
+    Dependencies: accessOutputFilePointer, fprintf
+    */
+    bool writeCharacterToFile( char outChar );
+
+    /*
+    Name: writeCharactersToFile
+    Process: writes multiple characters to file,
+             returns true if successful, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters: number of characters to output (int),
+                               character to output (char)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: operation success (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/file: multiple characters written to file
+    Dependencies: writeCharacterToFile
+    */
+    bool writeCharactersToFile( int numChars, char outChar );
+
+    /*
+    Name: writeDoubleToFile
+    Process: writes individual formatted double value to file,
+             returns true if successful, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters: double value to output (double),
+                             number of digits to right of radix point
+                             (precision) (int)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: operation success (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/file: double written to file
+    Dependencies: writeDoubleJustifiedToFile
+    */
+    bool writeDoubleToFile( double outVal, int precision );
+
+    /*
+    Name: writeDoubleToFileJustified
+    Process: writes individual formatted double value to file justified,
+             returns true if successful, false otherwise
+             outVal - the double value to be output
+             precision - number of digits to the right of the radix point
+             blockSize - the width of the block within which
+                         to print the integer value (int)
+             justify - "LEFT," "RIGHT," or "CENTER" justification 
+                       in block (c-string)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: operation success (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/file: double written to file as specified
+    Dependencies: sprintf, writeStringJustifiedToFile
+    */
+    bool writeDoubleJustifiedToFile( double outVal, int precision, 
+                                         int blockSize, const char *justified );
+
+    /*
+    Name: writeEndlineToFile
+    Process: writes newline ('\n') to file,
+             returns true if successful, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters: none
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: operation success (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/file: newline written to file
+    Dependencies: accessOutputFilePointer, fprintf
+    */
+    bool writeEndlineToFile();
+
+    /*
+    Name: writeEndlinesToFile
+    Process: writes multiple carriage return ('\r')
+             and newline ('\n') pairs to file,
+             returns true if successful, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters: number of endline pairs to write (int)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: operation success (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/file: multiple newline characters written to file
+    Dependencies: writeString
+    */
+    bool writeEndlinesToFile( int numEndlines );
+
+    /*
+    Name: writeIntegerToFile
+    Process: writes individual integer to file,
+             returns true if successful, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters: integer to output (int)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: operation success (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/file: integer written to file
+    Dependencies: writeIntegerJustifiedToFile
+    */
+    bool writeIntegerToFile( int outVal );
+
+    /*
+    Name: writeIntegerJustifiedToFile
+    Process: writes individual integer to file,
+             returns true if successful, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters:
+                    outVal - the integer value to be output
+                    precision - number of digits to the right of the radix point
+                    blockSize - the width of the block within which
+                         to print the integer value (int)
+                    justify - "LEFT," "RIGHT," or "CENTER" justification 
+                       in block (c-string)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: operation success (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/file: integer written to file as specified
+    Dependencies: sprintf, writeStringJustifiedToFile
+    */
+    bool writeIntegerJustifiedToFile( int outVal, int blockSize, 
+                                                         const char *justified );
+
+    /*
+    Name: writeStringToFile
+    Process: writes String value to file,
+             returns true if successful, false otherwise
+    Function input/parameters: double value to output (double),
+                             number of digits to right of radix point
+                             (precision) (int)
+    Function output/parameters: none
+    Function output/returned: operation success (bool)
+    Device input/file: none
+    Device output/file: String written to file
+    Dependencies: writeStringJustifiedToFile
+    */
+    bool writeStringToFile( const char *outString );
+
+    /*
+    Name: writeStringJustifiedToFile
+    Process: write string to file within specified block size
+             and with specified justification
+    Function input/parameters:
+ 		           outVal - the string value to be output
+                   blockSize - the width of the block within which
+                               to print the integer value (int)
+                   justify - "LEFT," "RIGHT," or "CENTER" justification 
+                             in block (c-string)
+    Function output/parameters: None
+    Function output/returned: success of output operation (bool)
+    Function input/keyboard: None
+    Device output/file: string written to file as specified
+    Dependencies: strlen, strcmp, writeCharactersToFile, fprint
+    */
+    bool writeStringJustifiedToFile( const char *outStr,
+                                            int blockSize, const char *justify );
+
+
+#endif  // FILE_OUTPUT_UTILITY_H
+

PA02-0913/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+CC = gcc -Wall
+SOURCES = PA02_Main.c StateUtilities.c Console_IO_Utility.c File_Input_Utility.c File_Output_Utility.c
+OBJECTS = PA02_Main.o StateUtilities.o Console_IO_Utility.o File_Input_Utility.o File_Output_Utility.o
+
+all: PA02_Main
+
+PA02_Main: $(OBJECTS)
+	$(CC) $(OBJECTS) -o PA02_Main
+
+PA02_Main.o: PA02_Main.c
+	$(CC) -c PA02_Main.c -o PA02_Main.o
+
+StateUtilities.o: StateUtilities.c
+	$(CC) -c StateUtilities.c -o StateUtilities.o
+
+Console_IO_Utility.o: Console_IO_Utility.c
+	$(CC) -c Console_IO_Utility.c -o Console_IO_Utility.o
+
+File_Input_Utility.o: File_Input_Utility.c
+	$(CC) -c File_Input_Utility.c -o File_Input_Utility.o
+
+File_Output_Utility.o: File_Output_Utility.c
+	$(CC) -c File_Output_Utility.c -o File_Output_Utility.o
+
+clean:
+	rm -f $(OBJECTS) PA02_Main PA02_Main.out
+
+clean_objects:
+	rm -f $(OBJECTS)
+
+run:
+	./PA02_Main
+
+run_win:
+	PA02_Main

PA02-0913/PA02_Main.c

@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+// header file
+#include "Console_IO_Utility.h"
+#include "StateUtilities.h"
+
+// local constants for program
+const int MAX_NUM_STATES = 50;
+
+int main()
+   {
+    // initialize function/program
+
+       // initialize variables
+       int wkgNumStates, sortingNumStates;
+       int capacity = MAX_NUM_STATES;
+       char fileName[ MIN_STR_LEN ];
+       StateDataType *wkgArray, *sortingArray;
+       StateDataType resultData, searchData, removeData;
+
+       // show title
+          // function: showTitle
+       showTitle();
+
+       // create input/working and sorting arrays
+       wkgArray = createStateArray( MAX_NUM_STATES );
+       sortingArray = createStateArray( MAX_NUM_STATES );
+
+       // set empty data - data items will only have the state name
+       setEmptyElementData( &searchData );
+       strcpy( searchData.name, "North Dakota" );
+
+       setEmptyElementData( &removeData );
+       strcpy( removeData.name, "Wyoming" );
+    
+    // get input
+
+       // get file name
+          // function: getFileName
+       promptForString( "Enter file name: ", fileName );
+       
+       // upload state data
+          // function: uploadstateData
+       wkgNumStates = uploadStateData( wkgArray, capacity, fileName );
+
+       if( wkgNumStates > 0 )
+          {
+           // make copy of working array for later sorting use
+           sortingNumStates = wkgNumStates;
+           copyArray( sortingArray, wkgArray, sortingNumStates );
+   
+           // process and display data
+   
+           // display original list
+           displayData( wkgArray, wkgNumStates, "Original data after upload" );
+   
+           // find state
+           printf( "\nFinding state: %s\n", searchData.name );
+           findStateByName( &resultData, wkgArray, wkgNumStates, searchData );
+           printf( "State found: %s, %d, %5.2f%%, %c\n", resultData.name, 
+                                                    resultData.population, 
+                                                     resultData.growth * 100.00, 
+                                                            resultData.majority );
+   
+           // remove state
+           printf( "\nRemoving state: %s\n", removeData.name );
+           removeStateByName( &resultData, wkgArray, &wkgNumStates, removeData );
+   
+           printf( "State removed: %s, %d, %5.2f%%, %c\n", resultData.name, 
+                                                   resultData.population, 
+                                                     resultData.growth * 100.00, 
+                                                            resultData.majority );
+   
+           // display original list
+           displayData( wkgArray, wkgNumStates, 
+                                           "Original data after state removal" );
+          
+           // bubble sort
+             // function: runBubbleSort
+           runBubbleSortByName( sortingArray, sortingNumStates );
+          
+           // display bubble-sorted list
+           displayData( sortingArray, sortingNumStates, 
+                                    "Full list sorted by name using bubble sort" );
+          
+           // insertion sort
+             // function: runInsertionSort
+           runInsertionSortByPopulation( sortingArray, sortingNumStates );
+   
+           // display insertion-sorted list
+           displayData( sortingArray, sortingNumStates, 
+                           "Full list sorted by population using insertion sort" );
+          
+           // selection sort
+             // function: runSelectionSort
+           runSelectionSortByGrowth( sortingArray, sortingNumStates );
+   
+           // display insertion-sorted list
+           displayData( sortingArray, sortingNumStates, 
+                               "Full list sorted by growth using selection sort" );
+          }   
+
+       else
+          {
+           printf( "\nData upload failed - program aborted\n" );
+          }
+    
+    // end program
+
+       // report end program
+          // function: printf
+       printf( "\nProgram End\n" );
+
+       // clear dynamic array
+       wkgArray = clearStateArray( wkgArray );
+       sortingArray = clearStateArray( sortingArray );
+
+       // return program success
+       return 0;
+   }
+
+

PA02-0913/StandardConstants.h

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+// Preprocessor directives
+#ifndef STANDARD_CONSTANTS_H
+#define STANDARD_CONSTANTS_H
+
+// Include Boolean
+#include <stdbool.h>
+
+// global constants
+
+// constant for end of c-string null character
+#define CARRIAGE_RETURN_CHAR '\r'
+
+//constant for a COLON
+#define COLON ':'
+
+//constant for a COMMA
+#define COMMA ','
+
+//Constant to print a dash
+#define DASH '-'
+
+// highest printable character
+#define HIGHEST_PRINTABLE_CHAR '~'
+
+// constant for huge string length
+#define HUGE_STR_LEN 256
+
+// lowest printable character
+#define LOWEST_PRINTABLE_CHAR ' '
+
+// constant for small string length
+#define MIN_STR_LEN 32
+
+// constant for maximum string length
+#define MAX_STR_LEN 128
+
+// constant for end of c-string null character
+#define NEWLINE_CHAR '\n'
+
+// first non-printable above ASCII
+#define DELETE_KEY 127
+
+// constant for end of c-string null character
+#define NULL_CHAR '\0'
+
+// columns found in grade sheet before grading columns
+#define NUM_BASE_COLS 5
+
+// constant for number of grading frequency bins
+#define NUM_FREQUENCY_BINS 10
+
+//Constant for printing a pipe
+#define PIPE '|'
+
+//Constant for a period
+#define PERIOD '.'
+
+//Constant for PRECISION, 2 digits
+#define PRECISION_2 2
+
+//Constant for PRECISION, 4 digits
+#define PRECISION_4 4
+
+// constant for space character
+#define SPACE ' '
+
+// constant for standard string length
+#define STD_STR_LEN 64
+
+// constant for smallest string length
+#define TINY_STR_LEN 16
+
+#endif  // STANDARD_CONSTANTS

PA02-0913/StateUtilities.c

@@ -0,0 +1,297 @@
+#include "StateUtilities.h"
+
+// local constants
+const int NAME_BLOCK_SIZE = 16;
+const int POPULATION_BLOCK_SIZE = 12;
+const int GROWTH_BLOCK_SIZE = 10;
+
+// functions
+
+/*
+Name: addElementFromData
+Process: adds all individual data values to StateDataType array 
+         if capacity has not been exceeded,
+         returns true upon success, false otherwise
+Function input/parameters: data array (StateDataType *), 
+                           size (int), capacity (int),
+                           state name (const char *),
+                           state population (int),
+                           state growth (double),
+                           state political majority (char)
+Function output/parameters: updated data array (StateDataType *),
+                            updated size (int *)
+Function output/returned: Boolean result of operation as specified
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: as needed, including strcpy
+*/
+bool addElementFromData( StateDataType *stateArr, int *size, int capacity,
+                      const char *stateName, int statePop, 
+                                   double stateGrowth, char politicalMajority )
+{
+    //
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+Name: addElementFromElement
+Process: adds data from element to StateDataType array,
+         uses supporting function 
+Function input/parameters: data array (StateDataType *), 
+                           size and capacity (int),
+                           source element (const StateDataType)
+Function output/parameters: updated data array (StateDataType *),
+                            updated size (int *)
+Function output/returned: Boolean result of operation as specified
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: addElementFromData - function uses one code statement
+*/
+bool addElementFromElement( StateDataType *stateArr, int *size, int capacity,
+                                                    const StateDataType state )
+{
+    //
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+Name: clearStateArray
+Process: deallocates dynamically allocated array from memory
+Function input/parameters: data array (StateDataType *)
+Function output/parameters: none
+Function output/returned: NULL
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: as needed, including free
+*/
+StateDataType *clearStateArray( StateDataType *array )
+{
+    //
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+Name: copyArray
+Process: copies state data elements from one array to another
+Function input/parameters: source array (const StateDataType *), size (int)
+Function output/parameters: pointer to destination array (StateDataType *)
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: as needed
+*/
+void copyArray( StateDataType *dest, const StateDataType *src, int srcSize )
+{
+    // no return, void
+}
+
+/*
+Name: createStateArray
+Process: dynamically allocates array memory
+Function input/parameters: initial capacity (int)
+Function output/parameters: none
+Function output/returned: pointer to newly created array (StateDataType *)
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: as needed, including function malloc and keyword sizeof
+*/
+StateDataType *createStateArray( int initialCapacity )
+{
+    //
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+Name: deepCopy
+Process: copies all individual values from StateDataType source
+         to StateDataType destination
+Function input/parameters: source element (const StateDataType)
+Function output/parameters: pointer to destination value (StateDataType *)
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: as needed, including strcpy
+*/
+void deepCopy( StateDataType *dest, const StateDataType src )
+{
+    // no return, void
+}
+
+/*
+Name: displayData
+Process: displays element data in array as table if array is not empty,
+         otherwise displays "Data not found - Display aborted",
+         allows for subtitle to be added to "Display Data - "
+Function input/parameters: state data array (const StateDataType *),
+                           size (int), subtitle (const char *)
+Function output/parameters: none
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/monitor: data displayed as specified
+Dependencies: as needed
+*/
+void displayData( const StateDataType *array, int size, const char *subTitle )
+{
+    // no return, void
+}
+
+/*
+Name: findStateByName
+Process: finds element value in array by state name if it exists in the array,
+         saves data in return parameter and returns true,
+         otherwise sets data in return parameter to empty and returns false
+Function input/parameters: state data array (const StateDataType *),
+                           size (int), search value (const StateDataType)
+Function output/parameters: value if found as return parameter, 
+                                 otherwise, return parameter set to empty 
+                                                               (StateDataType *)
+Function output/returned: Boolean result of operation
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: as needed
+*/
+bool findStateByName( StateDataType *foundElement, 
+        const StateDataType *array, int size, const StateDataType searchValue )
+{
+    //
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+Name: removeStateByName
+Process: searches for element, if found, sets data into return parameter,
+         shifts all remaining data down, and returns true,
+         otherwise sets data in return parameter to empty and returns false
+Function input/parameters: state data array (StateDataType *),
+                           size (int), search value (const StateDataType)
+Function output/parameters: updated state data array (StateDataType *),
+                            value if found and removed, 
+                            otherwise, value set to empty (StateDataType *),
+                            updated size (int *)
+Function output/returned: Boolean result of operation as specified
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: as needed
+*/
+bool removeStateByName( StateDataType *removedElement, 
+               StateDataType *array, int *size, const StateDataType searchVal )
+{
+    //
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+Name: runBubbleSortByName
+Process: sorts state data by name using bubble sort algorithm
+Function input/parameters: state data array (StateDataType *), size (int)
+Function output/parameters: updated state data array (StateDataType *)
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: as needed
+*/
+void runBubbleSortByName( StateDataType *array, int size )
+{
+    // no return, void
+}
+
+/*
+Name: runInsertionSortByPopulation
+Process: sorts state data by population using insertion sort algorithm
+Function input/parameters: state data array (StateDataType *), size (int)
+Function output/parameters: updated state data array (StateDataType *)
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: as needed, swap may not be used
+*/
+void runInsertionSortByPopulation( StateDataType *array, int size )
+{
+    // no return, void
+}
+
+/*
+Name: runSelectionSortByGrowth
+Process: sorts state data by growth using selection sort algorithm
+Function input/parameters: state data array (StateDataType *), size (int)
+Function output/parameters: updated state data array (StateDataType *)
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: as needed
+*/
+void runSelectionSortByGrowth( StateDataType *array, int size )
+{
+    // no return, void
+}
+
+/*
+Name: setEmptyElementData
+Process: sets state data type to empty or default values,
+         name to empty string, population and growth to zero,
+         and majority to 'x'
+Function input/parameters: none
+Function output/parameters: state data value (StateDataType *)
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: none
+*/
+void setEmptyElementData( StateDataType *element )
+{
+    // no return, void
+}
+
+/*
+Name: showTitle
+Process: displays program title with thick underline,
+         "Data Management with N-Squared Sorting"
+Function input/parameters: none
+Function output/parameters: none
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/monitor: displays title as specified
+Dependencies: as needed
+*/
+void showTitle()
+{
+    // no return, void
+}
+
+/*
+Name: swapElements
+Process: swaps state data elements within an array
+Function input/parameters: given array (StateDataType *),
+                           left and right indices to be swapped (int)
+Function output/parameters: updated array with swapped values (StateDataType *)
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: as needed
+*/
+void swapElements( StateDataType *array, int leftIndex, int rightIndex )
+{
+    // no return, void
+}
+
+/*
+Name: uploadStateData
+Process: uploads data from given file to state data array,
+         ignores first (title) line in .csv file,
+         then captures comma-delimited state name, population, growth, 
+         and political majority data on each row,
+         returns number of items found;
+         stops uploading process if array is full
+Function input/parameters: capacity (int) and file name (const char *)
+Function output/parameters: updated array with uploaded values (StateDataType *)
+Function output/returned: number of items uploaded (int)
+Device input/HD: data uploaded from text file as specified
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: as needed
+*/
+int uploadStateData( StateDataType *StateDataArray,
+                                           int capacity, const char *fileName )
+{
+    //
+    return 0;
+}

PA02-0913/StateUtilities.h

@@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
+#ifndef STATE_UTILITIES_H
+#define STATE_UTILITIES_H
+
+// header files
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "Console_IO_Utility.h"
+#include "File_Input_Utility.h"
+#include "StandardConstants.h"
+
+// global constants
+
+// data structure
+typedef struct StateDataStruct
+   {
+    char name[ STD_STR_LEN ];
+
+    int population;
+
+    double growth;
+
+    char majority;
+   } StateDataType;
+
+// Prototypes
+
+/*
+Name: addElementFromData
+Process: adds all individual data values to StateDataType array 
+         if capacity has not been exceeded,
+         returns true upon success, false otherwise
+Function input/parameters: data array (StateDataType *), 
+                           size (int), capacity (int),
+                           state name (const char *),
+                           state population (int),
+                           state growth (double),
+                           state political majority (char)
+Function output/parameters: updated data array (StateDataType *),
+                            updated size (int *)
+Function output/returned: Boolean result of operation as specified
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: as needed, including strcpy
+*/
+bool addElementFromData( StateDataType *stateArr, int *size, int capacity,
+                      const char *stateName, int statePop, 
+                                   double stateGrowth, char politicalMajority );
+
+/*
+Name: addElementFromElement
+Process: adds data from element to StateDataType array,
+         uses supporting function 
+Function input/parameters: data array (StateDataType *), 
+                           size and capacity (int),
+                           source element (const StateDataType)
+Function output/parameters: updated data array (StateDataType *),
+                            updated size (int *)
+Function output/returned: Boolean result of operation as specified
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: addElementFromData - function uses one code statement
+*/
+bool addElementFromElement( StateDataType *stateArr, int *size, int capacity,
+                                                    const StateDataType state );
+
+/*
+Name: clearStateArray
+Process: deallocates dynamically allocated array from memory
+Function input/parameters: data array (StateDataType *)
+Function output/parameters: none
+Function output/returned: NULL
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: as needed, including free
+*/
+StateDataType *clearStateArray( StateDataType *array );
+
+/*
+Name: copyArray
+Process: copies state data elements from one array to another
+Function input/parameters: source array (const StateDataType *), size (int)
+Function output/parameters: pointer to destination array (StateDataType *)
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: as needed
+*/
+void copyArray( StateDataType *dest, const StateDataType *src, int srcSize );
+
+/*
+Name: createStateArray
+Process: dynamically allocates array memory
+Function input/parameters: initial capacity (int)
+Function output/parameters: none
+Function output/returned: pointer to newly created array (StateDataType *)
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: as needed, including function malloc and keyword sizeof
+*/
+StateDataType *createStateArray( int initialCapacity );
+
+/*
+Name: deepCopy
+Process: copies all individual values from StateDataType source
+         to StateDataType destination
+Function input/parameters: source element (const StateDataType)
+Function output/parameters: pointer to destination value (StateDataType *)
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: as needed, including strcpy
+*/
+void deepCopy( StateDataType *dest, const StateDataType src );
+
+/*
+Name: displayData
+Process: displays element data in array as table if array is not empty,
+         otherwise displays "Data not found - Display aborted",
+         allows for subtitle to be added to "Display Data - "
+Function input/parameters: state data array (const StateDataType *),
+                           size (int), subtitle (const char *)
+Function output/parameters: none
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/monitor: data displayed as specified
+Dependencies: as needed
+*/
+void displayData( const StateDataType *array, int size, const char *subTitle );
+
+/*
+Name: findStateByName
+Process: finds element value in array by state name if it exists in the array,
+         saves data in return parameter and returns true,
+         otherwise sets data in return parameter to empty and returns false
+Function input/parameters: state data array (const StateDataType *),
+                           size (int), search value (const StateDataType)
+Function output/parameters: value if found as return parameter, 
+                                 otherwise, return parameter set to empty 
+                                                               (StateDataType *)
+Function output/returned: Boolean result of operation
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: as needed
+*/
+bool findStateByName( StateDataType *foundElement, 
+        const StateDataType *array, int size, const StateDataType searchValue );
+
+/*
+Name: removeStateByName
+Process: searches for element, if found, sets data into return parameter,
+         shifts all remaining data down, and returns true,
+         otherwise sets data in return parameter to empty and returns false
+Function input/parameters: state data array (StateDataType *),
+                           size (int), search value (const StateDataType)
+Function output/parameters: updated state data array (StateDataType *),
+                            value if found and removed, 
+                            otherwise, value set to empty (StateDataType *),
+                            updated size (int *)
+Function output/returned: Boolean result of operation as specified
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: as needed
+*/
+bool removeStateByName( StateDataType *removedElement, 
+               StateDataType *array, int *size, const StateDataType searchVal );
+
+/*
+Name: runBubbleSortByName
+Process: sorts state data by name using bubble sort algorithm
+Function input/parameters: state data array (StateDataType *), size (int)
+Function output/parameters: updated state data array (StateDataType *)
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: as needed
+*/
+void runBubbleSortByName( StateDataType *array, int size );
+
+/*
+Name: runInsertionSortByPopulation
+Process: sorts state data by population using insertion sort algorithm
+Function input/parameters: state data array (StateDataType *), size (int)
+Function output/parameters: updated state data array (StateDataType *)
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: as needed, swap may not be used
+*/
+void runInsertionSortByPopulation( StateDataType *array, int size );
+
+/*
+Name: runSelectionSortByGrowth
+Process: sorts state data by growth using selection sort algorithm
+Function input/parameters: state data array (StateDataType *), size (int)
+Function output/parameters: updated state data array (StateDataType *)
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: as needed
+*/
+void runSelectionSortByGrowth( StateDataType *array, int size );
+
+/*
+Name: setEmptyElementData
+Process: sets state data type to empty or default values,
+         name to empty string, population and growth to zero,
+         and majority to 'x'
+Function input/parameters: none
+Function output/parameters: state data value (StateDataType *)
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: none
+*/
+void setEmptyElementData( StateDataType *element );
+
+/*
+Name: showTitle
+Process: displays program title with thick underline,
+         "Data Management with N-Squared Sorting"
+Function input/parameters: none
+Function output/parameters: none
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/monitor: displays title as specified
+Dependencies: as needed
+*/
+void showTitle();
+
+/*
+Name: swapElements
+Process: swaps state data elements within an array
+Function input/parameters: given array (StateDataType *),
+                           left and right indices to be swapped (int)
+Function output/parameters: updated array with swapped values (StateDataType *)
+Function output/returned: none
+Device input/---: none
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: as needed
+*/
+void swapElements( StateDataType *array, int leftIndex, int rightIndex );
+
+/*
+Name: uploadStateData
+Process: uploads data from given file to state data array,
+         ignores first (title) line in .csv file,
+         then captures comma-delimited state name, population, growth, 
+         and political majority data on each row,
+         returns number of items found;
+         stops uploading process if array is full
+Function input/parameters: capacity (int) and file name (const char *)
+Function output/parameters: updated array with uploaded values (StateDataType *)
+Function output/returned: number of items uploaded (int)
+Device input/HD: data uploaded from text file as specified
+Device output/---: none
+Dependencies: as needed
+*/
+int uploadStateData( StateDataType *StateDataArray,
+                                           int capacity, const char *fileName );
+
+#endif   // STATE_UTILITIES_H
+

TypicalUtils/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+CC = gcc -Wall
+SOURCES = main.c get_student_id.c
+OBJECTS = main.o get_student_id.o
+
+all: main.out
+
+main.out: main
+	./main | tee main.out
+
+main: $(OBJECTS)
+	$(CC) $(OBJECTS) -o main
+
+main.o: main.c
+	$(CC) -c main.c -o main.o
+
+get_student_id.o: get_student_id.c
+	$(CC) -c get_student_id.c -o get_student_id.o
+
+clean:
+	rm -f $(OBJECTS) main main.out